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Imaging system for real‐time, full‐field pulse‐by‐pulse surface dosimetry of UHDR electron beams.

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Title: Imaging system for real‐time, full‐field pulse‐by‐pulse surface dosimetry of UHDR electron beams.
Authors: Clark, Megan1 (AUTHOR) megan.a.clark.th@dartmouth.edu, Daniel, Noah1 (AUTHOR), Bruza, Petr1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Rongxiao2 (AUTHOR), Jarvis, Lesley3 (AUTHOR), Hoopes, P. Jack1,4 (AUTHOR), Gladstone, David1,4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Medical Physics. Jun2025, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p5026-5031. 6p.
Subjects: Medical dosimetry, Radiation dosimetry, Optical resolution, Scintillation counters, Clinical trials, Radiotherapy, Imaging systems
Abstract: Background: The interest in ultra‐high dose rate (UHDR) radiation therapy (RT) has grown due to its potential to spare normal tissue. However, clinical application is hindered by dosimetry challenges, as current irradiators and dosimeters are not designed for UHDR's high fluence. To ensure safe treatment and accurate dose delivery, real‐time dose and dose rate quantification methods are essential. Purpose: We propose a novel scintillation imaging system for in vivo, pulse‐by‐pulse surface dose monitoring during delivery with a UHDR‐capable Mobetron (IntraOp LLC Sunnyvale, CA, USA) system. This setup aims to measure entrance beam dose with high 2D spatial and temporal resolution. Methods: A modified collimating cone was 3D printed to house the imaging lens. The system featured a 90° sinuscope endoscope attached to a CMOS camera, was gated by the Mobetron's magnetron output signal, and captured light from a scintillator placed on the treatment surface. Three scintillator types were tested for their emission intensity and decay time. Dose and dose rate linearity studies were performed using various pulse lengths and repetition frequencies, respectively, and the imaging data were compared to an EDGE diode detector (SunNuclear Melbourne, FL, USA) and the Mobetron beam‐current transformer (BCT) measurements. Results: Dose (R2 = 0.993) and dose rate (within 2%) were linear, and the temporal beam structure agreed with the diode and BCT data, as evident by the fact that it was successfully gated such that it captured each pulse during testing. Dose per pulse measurements agreed with diode and BCT data within 2.0 ± 1.2 cGy (0.6% ± 0.3%) and 2.5 ± 1.0 cGy (1.1% ± 0.4%), respectively. Conclusions: The developed imaging system met the criteria for measuring entrance beam dose with high spatial and temporal resolution, offering a promising in vivo dosimetry method for UHDR RT in preclinical and clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Imaging system for real‐time, full‐field pulse‐by‐pulse surface dosimetry of UHDR electron beams.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Clark%2C+Megan%22">Clark, Megan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> megan.a.clark.th@dartmouth.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Daniel%2C+Noah%22">Daniel, Noah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bruza%2C+Petr%22">Bruza, Petr</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Rongxiao%22">Zhang, Rongxiao</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jarvis%2C+Lesley%22">Jarvis, Lesley</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoopes%2C+P%2E+Jack%22">Hoopes, P. Jack</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gladstone%2C+David%22">Gladstone, David</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medical+Physics%22">Medical Physics</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 52 Issue 6, p5026-5031. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+dosimetry%22">Medical dosimetry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiation+dosimetry%22">Radiation dosimetry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+resolution%22">Optical resolution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scintillation+counters%22">Scintillation counters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clinical+trials%22">Clinical trials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radiotherapy%22">Radiotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Imaging+systems%22">Imaging systems</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: The interest in ultra‐high dose rate (UHDR) radiation therapy (RT) has grown due to its potential to spare normal tissue. However, clinical application is hindered by dosimetry challenges, as current irradiators and dosimeters are not designed for UHDR's high fluence. To ensure safe treatment and accurate dose delivery, real‐time dose and dose rate quantification methods are essential. Purpose: We propose a novel scintillation imaging system for in vivo, pulse‐by‐pulse surface dose monitoring during delivery with a UHDR‐capable Mobetron (IntraOp LLC Sunnyvale, CA, USA) system. This setup aims to measure entrance beam dose with high 2D spatial and temporal resolution. Methods: A modified collimating cone was 3D printed to house the imaging lens. The system featured a 90° sinuscope endoscope attached to a CMOS camera, was gated by the Mobetron's magnetron output signal, and captured light from a scintillator placed on the treatment surface. Three scintillator types were tested for their emission intensity and decay time. Dose and dose rate linearity studies were performed using various pulse lengths and repetition frequencies, respectively, and the imaging data were compared to an EDGE diode detector (SunNuclear Melbourne, FL, USA) and the Mobetron beam‐current transformer (BCT) measurements. Results: Dose (R2 = 0.993) and dose rate (within 2%) were linear, and the temporal beam structure agreed with the diode and BCT data, as evident by the fact that it was successfully gated such that it captured each pulse during testing. Dose per pulse measurements agreed with diode and BCT data within 2.0 ± 1.2 cGy (0.6% ± 0.3%) and 2.5 ± 1.0 cGy (1.1% ± 0.4%), respectively. Conclusions: The developed imaging system met the criteria for measuring entrance beam dose with high spatial and temporal resolution, offering a promising in vivo dosimetry method for UHDR RT in preclinical and clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1002/mp.17784
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 5026
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Medical dosimetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radiation dosimetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical resolution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scintillation counters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Clinical trials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radiotherapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Imaging systems
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Imaging system for real‐time, full‐field pulse‐by‐pulse surface dosimetry of UHDR electron beams.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Clark, Megan
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            NameFull: Jarvis, Lesley
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 52
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