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The potential of PLA based dental models by material extrusion 3D printing: an in vitro study investigating mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.

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Title: The potential of PLA based dental models by material extrusion 3D printing: an in vitro study investigating mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.
Authors: Li, Jiandong1 (AUTHOR), Mao, Yuyang2,3 (AUTHOR), Yassine, Jamila1 (AUTHOR), Henning, Nico1 (AUTHOR), Unkovskiy, Alexey1,4 (AUTHOR), Beuer, Florian1 (AUTHOR), Schmidt, Franziska1 (AUTHOR) franziska.schmidt2@charite.de
Source: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. 6/10/2025, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects: Statistical significance, Flexural modulus, Hardness testing, Dental materials, Three-dimensional printing, Polylactic acid
Abstract: The rapid advancement of three-dimensional (3D) printing in dentistry has prompted comparisons between the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) samples fabricated using material extrusion (MEx) and resin samples produced using digital light processing (DLP). This study aims to assess the potential of replacing resin-based models with PLA models in clinical settings by evaluating the mechanical properties and accuracy of MEx-printed PLA and DLP-printed resin samples. The investigated materials include pure PLA, a PLA composite containing gypsum, and a clinically approved resin material. Strength and hardness tests were conducted using custom-made samples measuring 16 × 4 × 2 mm3. Additionally, oral cavity scans were used to generate oral models for each material to assess their accuracy, trueness, and precision. The results indicated that pure PLA exhibited the highest flexural modulus (2055 ± 217.70 MPa) and compression modulus (2.40 ± 0.14 GPa). The PLA-Gypsum composite displayed the highest hardness (19.48 ± 2.12 HV1). As for the trueness of the oral models, there were no statistically significant differences between the models made from the three materials. However, the PLA-Gypsum composite demonstrated the best precision (23.84 ± 4.12 μm). These findings suggest that both PLA materials have significant potential to replace DLP-produced resin models in the clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The potential of PLA based dental models by material extrusion 3D printing: an in vitro study investigating mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Materials+Science%3A+Materials+in+Medicine%22">Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine</searchLink>. 6/10/2025, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+significance%22">Statistical significance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flexural+modulus%22">Flexural modulus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hardness+testing%22">Hardness testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dental+materials%22">Dental materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polylactic+acid%22">Polylactic acid</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The rapid advancement of three-dimensional (3D) printing in dentistry has prompted comparisons between the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) samples fabricated using material extrusion (MEx) and resin samples produced using digital light processing (DLP). This study aims to assess the potential of replacing resin-based models with PLA models in clinical settings by evaluating the mechanical properties and accuracy of MEx-printed PLA and DLP-printed resin samples. The investigated materials include pure PLA, a PLA composite containing gypsum, and a clinically approved resin material. Strength and hardness tests were conducted using custom-made samples measuring 16 × 4 × 2 mm3. Additionally, oral cavity scans were used to generate oral models for each material to assess their accuracy, trueness, and precision. The results indicated that pure PLA exhibited the highest flexural modulus (2055 ± 217.70 MPa) and compression modulus (2.40 ± 0.14 GPa). The PLA-Gypsum composite displayed the highest hardness (19.48 ± 2.12 HV1). As for the trueness of the oral models, there were no statistically significant differences between the models made from the three materials. However, the PLA-Gypsum composite demonstrated the best precision (23.84 ± 4.12 μm). These findings suggest that both PLA materials have significant potential to replace DLP-produced resin models in the clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Flexural modulus
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      – SubjectFull: Hardness testing
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      – SubjectFull: Dental materials
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              Text: 6/10/2025
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