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A Low Inrush Current Pre-Charging Strategy of M3C with Improved Nearest Level Modulation.

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Title: A Low Inrush Current Pre-Charging Strategy of M3C with Improved Nearest Level Modulation.
Authors: He, Rufei1 (AUTHOR), Li, Yikai1,2 (AUTHOR), Peng, Yumin1,3 (AUTHOR), Ma, Yiming1 (AUTHOR), Huang, Fanqi1 (AUTHOR), Li, Hailong2 (AUTHOR) lihailong@hopewind.com, Luo, Wei3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Jun2025, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p2895. 15p.
Subjects: Matrix converters, Reactive power, Voltage control, Capacitors, Algorithms
Abstract: The modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) can perform AC/AC conversion directly. However, M3C operation often requires a pre-charging process, which can be challenging due to the need for fast pre-charging with low inrush current. To address the issue, a closed-loop fast pre-charging strategy is proposed that utilizes an improved nearest level modulation (NLM) based on a quick-sorting algorithm for M3C. By improving the current limiting resistor and the number of Sub-Modules (SMs) inserted into the NLM, we achieve a reduction in inrush current when connected to the grid, and unlock the control algorithm, respectively. This paper presents the relationship between the current-limiting resistor, the pre-charging current, and the pre-charging time. Reactive power compensation is applied on the AC grid during the pre-charging process to ensure stability. Furthermore, the balanced control of capacitor voltage is employed to achieve synchronized and coordinated growth of capacitor voltages in SMs using a quick-sorting algorithm based on NLM. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, making it suitable for M3C with a high number of SMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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An: 185868068
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  Data: A Low Inrush Current Pre-Charging Strategy of M3C with Improved Nearest Level Modulation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p2895. 15p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Matrix+converters%22">Matrix converters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reactive+power%22">Reactive power</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Voltage+control%22">Voltage control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Capacitors%22">Capacitors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Algorithms%22">Algorithms</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) can perform AC/AC conversion directly. However, M3C operation often requires a pre-charging process, which can be challenging due to the need for fast pre-charging with low inrush current. To address the issue, a closed-loop fast pre-charging strategy is proposed that utilizes an improved nearest level modulation (NLM) based on a quick-sorting algorithm for M3C. By improving the current limiting resistor and the number of Sub-Modules (SMs) inserted into the NLM, we achieve a reduction in inrush current when connected to the grid, and unlock the control algorithm, respectively. This paper presents the relationship between the current-limiting resistor, the pre-charging current, and the pre-charging time. Reactive power compensation is applied on the AC grid during the pre-charging process to ensure stability. Furthermore, the balanced control of capacitor voltage is employed to achieve synchronized and coordinated growth of capacitor voltages in SMs using a quick-sorting algorithm based on NLM. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, making it suitable for M3C with a high number of SMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/en18112895
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 2895
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      – SubjectFull: Matrix converters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reactive power
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Voltage control
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      – SubjectFull: Capacitors
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      – SubjectFull: Algorithms
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      – TitleFull: A Low Inrush Current Pre-Charging Strategy of M3C with Improved Nearest Level Modulation.
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            NameFull: He, Rufei
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            NameFull: Li, Yikai
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            NameFull: Huang, Fanqi
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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