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Long-Term Use of Nuclear Energy from the Aspect of Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

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Title: Long-Term Use of Nuclear Energy from the Aspect of Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.
Authors: Lale, Dinka1 (AUTHOR) dinka.lale@unidu.hr, Pevec, Dubravko2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Jun2025, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p2978. 16p.
Subjects: Fossil fuel power plants, Liquid metal fast breeder reactors, Greenhouse gases, Nuclear power plants, Energy consumption, Molten salt reactors
Abstract: Conventional sources of electricity are limited and they pollute the Earth, so it is necessary to think about an additional source of electricity in the future. Nuclear power is one of the options. Two scenarios using different shares of nuclear power in the future are described in this paper. Scenario 1 describes a moderate increase in nuclear energy use in the future, but with a tendency for a larger increase over 2050. Scenario 2 describes a significant increase in nuclear energy until 2100. Both scenarios are divided into three sub-scenarios (total six) in which the use of different nuclear technologies is analyzed (conventional liquid water reactors, fast breeder reactors and molten salt reactors using thorium as nuclear fuel). In all scenarios, the phase-out of fossil fuel power plants is assumed. One part of the power system is covered by nuclear power plants, and the remaining part is covered by renewable energy power plants. After 2050, an increasing share of the electricity system will be taken over by RES power plants. Nuclear fuel stocks are also analyzed. It is calculated that currently known nuclear fuel stocks are sufficient to meet the needs in all six scenarios. The carbon dioxide emissions saved due to nuclear energy use instead of conventional energy power plants are calculated. The CO2eq emission savings for Scenario 1 is 87.4% of the recommended emission savings under the IPCC. The CO2eq emission savings for Scenario 2 is more than sufficient. A calculation of the economic profitability of nuclear energy use is made in relation to fossil power plants and renewable energy power plants. According to calculations, nuclear energy is profitable compared to other energy sources. Nuclear energy use is positive from all the mentioned aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Long-Term Use of Nuclear Energy from the Aspect of Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p2978. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fossil+fuel+power+plants%22">Fossil fuel power plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquid+metal+fast+breeder+reactors%22">Liquid metal fast breeder reactors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Greenhouse+gases%22">Greenhouse gases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nuclear+power+plants%22">Nuclear power plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+consumption%22">Energy consumption</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molten+salt+reactors%22">Molten salt reactors</searchLink>
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  Data: Conventional sources of electricity are limited and they pollute the Earth, so it is necessary to think about an additional source of electricity in the future. Nuclear power is one of the options. Two scenarios using different shares of nuclear power in the future are described in this paper. Scenario 1 describes a moderate increase in nuclear energy use in the future, but with a tendency for a larger increase over 2050. Scenario 2 describes a significant increase in nuclear energy until 2100. Both scenarios are divided into three sub-scenarios (total six) in which the use of different nuclear technologies is analyzed (conventional liquid water reactors, fast breeder reactors and molten salt reactors using thorium as nuclear fuel). In all scenarios, the phase-out of fossil fuel power plants is assumed. One part of the power system is covered by nuclear power plants, and the remaining part is covered by renewable energy power plants. After 2050, an increasing share of the electricity system will be taken over by RES power plants. Nuclear fuel stocks are also analyzed. It is calculated that currently known nuclear fuel stocks are sufficient to meet the needs in all six scenarios. The carbon dioxide emissions saved due to nuclear energy use instead of conventional energy power plants are calculated. The CO2eq emission savings for Scenario 1 is 87.4% of the recommended emission savings under the IPCC. The CO2eq emission savings for Scenario 2 is more than sufficient. A calculation of the economic profitability of nuclear energy use is made in relation to fossil power plants and renewable energy power plants. According to calculations, nuclear energy is profitable compared to other energy sources. Nuclear energy use is positive from all the mentioned aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/en18112978
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Fossil fuel power plants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Liquid metal fast breeder reactors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Greenhouse gases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nuclear power plants
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      – SubjectFull: Energy consumption
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      – SubjectFull: Molten salt reactors
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      – TitleFull: Long-Term Use of Nuclear Energy from the Aspect of Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2025
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              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
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