A cellular-meso-macro three-scale approach captures remodelling of cancellous bone in health and disease.

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Title: A cellular-meso-macro three-scale approach captures remodelling of cancellous bone in health and disease.
Authors: Papastavrou, Areti1 (AUTHOR) areti.papastavrou@th-nuernberg.de, Pivonka, Peter2 (AUTHOR), Schmidt, Ina1,3 (AUTHOR), Steinmann, Paul3,4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology. Jun2025, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p975-998. 24p.
Subjects: Bone health, Cancellous bone, Bone remodeling, Bone density, Cell populations, Bone mechanics
Abstract: Remodelling of cancellous bone due to the combined activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts at the cellular scale has notable repercussions both at the meso (tissue) as well as the macro (organ) scale. At the meso scale, trabeculae adapt their geometry, typically in terms of their cross section, whereas the nominal bone density evolves at the macro scale, all in response to habitual mechanical loading and its perturbations. To capture this intricate scale coupling, we here propose a novel conceptual three-scale approach to the remodelling of cancellous bone. Therein, we combine a detailed bone cell population model at the cellular scale with an idealised trabecular truss network model with adaptive cross sections, that are driven by the cell population model, at the meso scale, which is eventually upscaled to a continuum bone density adaption model at the macro scale. Algorithmically, we solve the meso and macro problems concurrently within a finite element setting and update the cell activity in a staggered fashion. Our benchmark simulations demonstrate the applicability and effectivity of the three-scale approach to analyse bone remodelling in health and disease (here exemplified for the example of osteoporosis) with rich details, e.g. evolving anisotropy, resolved at each scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A cellular-meso-macro three-scale approach captures remodelling of cancellous bone in health and disease.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Biomechanics+%26+Modeling+in+Mechanobiology%22">Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 24 Issue 3, p975-998. 24p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bone+health%22">Bone health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cancellous+bone%22">Cancellous bone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bone+remodeling%22">Bone remodeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bone+density%22">Bone density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cell+populations%22">Cell populations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bone+mechanics%22">Bone mechanics</searchLink>
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  Data: Remodelling of cancellous bone due to the combined activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts at the cellular scale has notable repercussions both at the meso (tissue) as well as the macro (organ) scale. At the meso scale, trabeculae adapt their geometry, typically in terms of their cross section, whereas the nominal bone density evolves at the macro scale, all in response to habitual mechanical loading and its perturbations. To capture this intricate scale coupling, we here propose a novel conceptual three-scale approach to the remodelling of cancellous bone. Therein, we combine a detailed bone cell population model at the cellular scale with an idealised trabecular truss network model with adaptive cross sections, that are driven by the cell population model, at the meso scale, which is eventually upscaled to a continuum bone density adaption model at the macro scale. Algorithmically, we solve the meso and macro problems concurrently within a finite element setting and update the cell activity in a staggered fashion. Our benchmark simulations demonstrate the applicability and effectivity of the three-scale approach to analyse bone remodelling in health and disease (here exemplified for the example of osteoporosis) with rich details, e.g. evolving anisotropy, resolved at each scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10237-025-01948-5
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Bone health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cancellous bone
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bone remodeling
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      – SubjectFull: Bone density
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      – SubjectFull: Cell populations
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      – SubjectFull: Bone mechanics
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              Text: Jun2025
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              Y: 2025
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