Adhesion of 3D-Printed Versus Milled Resin Posts to Composite Resin Core Build-Up Material: Influence of Surface Treatments.
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| Title: | Adhesion of 3D-Printed Versus Milled Resin Posts to Composite Resin Core Build-Up Material: Influence of Surface Treatments. |
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| Authors: | Alanazi, Khalid K.1 (AUTHOR) ali.alqahtani@psau.edu.sa, Robaian Alqahtani, Ali1,2 (AUTHOR), Alshehri, Abdullah Mohammed1,3 (AUTHOR), Alqahtani, Abdullah Ali1,4 (AUTHOR), Almudahi, Abdulellah1,5 (AUTHOR), Al-Mansour, Omar Abdulaziz1,2 (AUTHOR), Al-Harbi, Nawaf Abdullah2 (AUTHOR), Alqahtani, Sultan Sahman Abdulrahman3 (AUTHOR), Raffat Hussein, Eman Mohamed4 (AUTHOR), Soliman, Tarek Ahmed1,5 (AUTHOR) t.soliman@psau.edu.sa |
| Source: | Polymers (20734360). Jun2025, Vol. 17 Issue 12, p1711. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Core materials, Surface preparation, Statistical significance, Two-way analysis of variance, Surfaces (Technology), Bond strengths |
| Abstract: | Background: There are very few studies in literature concerning the bonding between 3D-printed resin posts and the core build-up material. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the adhesion of 3D-printed and milled resin posts to composite resin core build-up material following different surface treatments. Methods: Three types of resin posts were utilized in this study: ready-made glass-reinforced fiber post (3M ESPE, Germany), milled PEEK POST (Bredent, Germany), and 3D-printed resin post (CROWNTEC, Saremco Dental AG, Switzerland). Each type of post was categorized into three groups based on surface treatments: C: untreated surfaces; SB: Air abrasion with 50 μm aluminum oxide particles was applied to the posts' surfaces.; HO: the posts' surfaces were immersed in 30% H2O2 for 5 min. A dual-cured composite resin (Grandio DC; VOCO) was utilized for core build-up in each group to evaluate adhesion through the push-out bond strength test. The modes of failure were analyzed, and the surface morphology of the post was characterized using SEM. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) along with Tukey's test. Results: The two-way ANOVA indicated a significant effect for surface treatment (F = 583.54, p < 001), post type (F = 79.96, p < 0.001), and their interactions (F = 265.74, p < 0.001). Regarding 3D-printed resin post, 30% H2O2 for 5 min recorded the highest statistically significant bond strength value (13.11 ± 1.61) compared to other groups. Regarding the milled PEEK post, the air particle abrasion recorded the highest statistically significant value (23.88 ± 1.66) compared to other groups. Adhesive failure was the predominant failure type, with an occurrence rate of 70.35%. Mixed failure was noted in 24.07% of the cases, with a significant prevalence in the PEEK post within the air particle abrasion group (58.3%). Cohesive failure was noted in 5.54% of cases, with a significant prevalence in the air particle abrasion group, occurring at rates of 16.6% in the resin fiber post group and 33.3% in PEEK posts. Conclusions: Air particle abrasion significantly improved the push-out bond strength of milled PEEK posts, but it did not have a similar effect on the 3D-printed resin posts. The application of 30% H2O2 for 5 min to 3D-printed resin post enhanced the adhesion to core build-up material. The manufacturing method of posts, the surface treatments utilized, and their interactions affect the interfacial bond strength between posts and the composite resin core build-up material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Adhesion of 3D-Printed Versus Milled Resin Posts to Composite Resin Core Build-Up Material: Influence of Surface Treatments. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alanazi%2C+Khalid+K%2E%22">Alanazi, Khalid K.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ali.alqahtani@psau.edu.sa</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robaian+Alqahtani%2C+Ali%22">Robaian Alqahtani, Ali</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alshehri%2C+Abdullah+Mohammed%22">Alshehri, Abdullah Mohammed</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alqahtani%2C+Abdullah+Ali%22">Alqahtani, Abdullah Ali</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Almudahi%2C+Abdulellah%22">Almudahi, Abdulellah</searchLink><relatesTo>1,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Mansour%2C+Omar+Abdulaziz%22">Al-Mansour, Omar Abdulaziz</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Harbi%2C+Nawaf+Abdullah%22">Al-Harbi, Nawaf Abdullah</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Alqahtani%2C+Sultan+Sahman+Abdulrahman%22">Alqahtani, Sultan Sahman Abdulrahman</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Raffat+Hussein%2C+Eman+Mohamed%22">Raffat Hussein, Eman Mohamed</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soliman%2C+Tarek+Ahmed%22">Soliman, Tarek Ahmed</searchLink><relatesTo>1,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> t.soliman@psau.edu.sa</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 17 Issue 12, p1711. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Core+materials%22">Core materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+preparation%22">Surface preparation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+significance%22">Statistical significance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Two-way+analysis+of+variance%22">Two-way analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surfaces+%28Technology%29%22">Surfaces (Technology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bond+strengths%22">Bond strengths</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: There are very few studies in literature concerning the bonding between 3D-printed resin posts and the core build-up material. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the adhesion of 3D-printed and milled resin posts to composite resin core build-up material following different surface treatments. Methods: Three types of resin posts were utilized in this study: ready-made glass-reinforced fiber post (3M ESPE, Germany), milled PEEK POST (Bredent, Germany), and 3D-printed resin post (CROWNTEC, Saremco Dental AG, Switzerland). Each type of post was categorized into three groups based on surface treatments: C: untreated surfaces; SB: Air abrasion with 50 μm aluminum oxide particles was applied to the posts' surfaces.; HO: the posts' surfaces were immersed in 30% H2O2 for 5 min. A dual-cured composite resin (Grandio DC; VOCO) was utilized for core build-up in each group to evaluate adhesion through the push-out bond strength test. The modes of failure were analyzed, and the surface morphology of the post was characterized using SEM. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) along with Tukey's test. Results: The two-way ANOVA indicated a significant effect for surface treatment (F = 583.54, p < 001), post type (F = 79.96, p < 0.001), and their interactions (F = 265.74, p < 0.001). Regarding 3D-printed resin post, 30% H2O2 for 5 min recorded the highest statistically significant bond strength value (13.11 ± 1.61) compared to other groups. Regarding the milled PEEK post, the air particle abrasion recorded the highest statistically significant value (23.88 ± 1.66) compared to other groups. Adhesive failure was the predominant failure type, with an occurrence rate of 70.35%. Mixed failure was noted in 24.07% of the cases, with a significant prevalence in the PEEK post within the air particle abrasion group (58.3%). Cohesive failure was noted in 5.54% of cases, with a significant prevalence in the air particle abrasion group, occurring at rates of 16.6% in the resin fiber post group and 33.3% in PEEK posts. Conclusions: Air particle abrasion significantly improved the push-out bond strength of milled PEEK posts, but it did not have a similar effect on the 3D-printed resin posts. The application of 30% H2O2 for 5 min to 3D-printed resin post enhanced the adhesion to core build-up material. The manufacturing method of posts, the surface treatments utilized, and their interactions affect the interfacial bond strength between posts and the composite resin core build-up material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/polym17121711 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 1711 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Core materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface preparation Type: general – SubjectFull: Statistical significance Type: general – SubjectFull: Two-way analysis of variance Type: general – SubjectFull: Surfaces (Technology) Type: general – SubjectFull: Bond strengths Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Adhesion of 3D-Printed Versus Milled Resin Posts to Composite Resin Core Build-Up Material: Influence of Surface Treatments. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alanazi, Khalid K. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Robaian Alqahtani, Ali – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alshehri, Abdullah Mohammed – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alqahtani, Abdullah Ali – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Almudahi, Abdulellah – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Al-Mansour, Omar Abdulaziz – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Al-Harbi, Nawaf Abdullah – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Alqahtani, Sultan Sahman Abdulrahman – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Raffat Hussein, Eman Mohamed – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Soliman, Tarek Ahmed IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 06 Text: Jun2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20734360 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 17 – Type: issue Value: 12 Titles: – TitleFull: Polymers (20734360) Type: main |
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