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Behavior of the Laguerre–Bessel–Gaussian beam through a marine turbulent atmosphere.

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Title: Behavior of the Laguerre–Bessel–Gaussian beam through a marine turbulent atmosphere.
Authors: Boufalah, F.1 (AUTHOR) fatihaboufalah43@gmail.com, Dalil-Essakali, L.1 (AUTHOR) latifadalilessakali@gmail.com, Belafhal, A.1 (AUTHOR) belafhal@gmail.com
Source: Optical & Quantum Electronics. Jun2025, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p1-20. 20p.
Subjects: Bessel beams, Born approximation, Gaussian beams, Power spectra, Turbulence, Atmospheric turbulence
Abstract: An analytical expression of the scintillation index of a Laguerre–Bessel–Gaussian (LBG) beam propagating through a turbulent atmosphere in marine is formulated in this paper based on the refractive index power spectrum proposed, recently, by Khannous and Belafhal and by the use of a Rytov method and a Born approximation. The influence of the marine atmospheric turbulence on the propagation of the LBG beam is investigated in detail by the change of some characteristic parameters such as the Gaussian beam size, the order of Laguerre mode, the link length, the structure constant, and the wavelength. The variations of the scintillation index with the above parameters are quantified by numerical simulations. The results show that the LBG beam is more affected by maritime optical turbulence, and it is concluded that our results could be found useful for understanding the potential impact of maritime turbulence on the propagation of fundamental Gaussian, Laguerre–Gaussian and Bessel Gaussian beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Behavior of the Laguerre–Bessel–Gaussian beam through a marine turbulent atmosphere.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Optical+%26+Quantum+Electronics%22">Optical & Quantum Electronics</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p1-20. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bessel+beams%22">Bessel beams</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Born+approximation%22">Born approximation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gaussian+beams%22">Gaussian beams</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Power+spectra%22">Power spectra</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Turbulence%22">Turbulence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atmospheric+turbulence%22">Atmospheric turbulence</searchLink>
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  Data: An analytical expression of the scintillation index of a Laguerre–Bessel–Gaussian (LBG) beam propagating through a turbulent atmosphere in marine is formulated in this paper based on the refractive index power spectrum proposed, recently, by Khannous and Belafhal and by the use of a Rytov method and a Born approximation. The influence of the marine atmospheric turbulence on the propagation of the LBG beam is investigated in detail by the change of some characteristic parameters such as the Gaussian beam size, the order of Laguerre mode, the link length, the structure constant, and the wavelength. The variations of the scintillation index with the above parameters are quantified by numerical simulations. The results show that the LBG beam is more affected by maritime optical turbulence, and it is concluded that our results could be found useful for understanding the potential impact of maritime turbulence on the propagation of fundamental Gaussian, Laguerre–Gaussian and Bessel Gaussian beam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11082-025-08265-2
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 20
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      – SubjectFull: Bessel beams
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Born approximation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gaussian beams
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Power spectra
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Turbulence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric turbulence
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Behavior of the Laguerre–Bessel–Gaussian beam through a marine turbulent atmosphere.
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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