Deformation Mechanisms of Zinc Single Crystal Investigated with Spherical Nanoindentation Test.

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Title: Deformation Mechanisms of Zinc Single Crystal Investigated with Spherical Nanoindentation Test.
Authors: Kucharski, Stanisław1 (AUTHOR) skuchar@ippt.pan.pl, Doan, Viet Nghia1 (AUTHOR), Maj, Michał1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A. Aug2025, Vol. 56 Issue 8, p2905-2932. 28p.
Subjects: Loading & unloading, Zinc crystals, Material plasticity, Atomic force microscopy, Nanoindentation tests
Abstract: Pure Zinc single crystal was examined with instrumented spherical indentation on the basal-oriented surface with different tips' radii. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were used to investigate the topography and orientation changes within the imprint and the surrounding surface. Noticeable pop-ins were reproducible in the majority of tests. Contrary to the literature reports on zinc, plastic deformation was observed prior to the first pop-in, resulting in a hysteresis between loading and unloading curves. Therefore, pop-ins were associated not with the onset of plastic deformation but with slip deformation and contraction twinning because the twins were found inside and outside the imprint after pop-in event. Numerous cells with different orientations resulting from slip and twinning were revealed by EBSD analysis of the residual impressions. The external twins manifested as sink-in patterns. To illustrate the experimental observations, schemes for the evolution of the complex pile-up/sink-in pattern in terms of the parameters of the pop-in event and the increase of the load after the pop-in event have been proposed. Some novel aspects of Zinc nanoindentation were observed including pop-in bursts occurred during unloading process and detwinning properties after indentation. Finally, the difference between indentation results corresponding to two different tips, including the inverse size effect in the indentation phase prior to the pop-in event, was briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Deformation Mechanisms of Zinc Single Crystal Investigated with Spherical Nanoindentation Test.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kucharski%2C+Stanisław%22">Kucharski, Stanisław</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> skuchar@ippt.pan.pl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Doan%2C+Viet+Nghia%22">Doan, Viet Nghia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maj%2C+Michał%22">Maj, Michał</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Metallurgical+%26+Materials+Transactions%2E+Part+A%22">Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 56 Issue 8, p2905-2932. 28p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Loading+%26+unloading%22">Loading & unloading</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zinc+crystals%22">Zinc crystals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Material+plasticity%22">Material plasticity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atomic+force+microscopy%22">Atomic force microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanoindentation+tests%22">Nanoindentation tests</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Pure Zinc single crystal was examined with instrumented spherical indentation on the basal-oriented surface with different tips' radii. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were used to investigate the topography and orientation changes within the imprint and the surrounding surface. Noticeable pop-ins were reproducible in the majority of tests. Contrary to the literature reports on zinc, plastic deformation was observed prior to the first pop-in, resulting in a hysteresis between loading and unloading curves. Therefore, pop-ins were associated not with the onset of plastic deformation but with slip deformation and contraction twinning because the twins were found inside and outside the imprint after pop-in event. Numerous cells with different orientations resulting from slip and twinning were revealed by EBSD analysis of the residual impressions. The external twins manifested as sink-in patterns. To illustrate the experimental observations, schemes for the evolution of the complex pile-up/sink-in pattern in terms of the parameters of the pop-in event and the increase of the load after the pop-in event have been proposed. Some novel aspects of Zinc nanoindentation were observed including pop-in bursts occurred during unloading process and detwinning properties after indentation. Finally, the difference between indentation results corresponding to two different tips, including the inverse size effect in the indentation phase prior to the pop-in event, was briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s11661-025-07820-6
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 28
        StartPage: 2905
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Loading & unloading
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zinc crystals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Material plasticity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atomic force microscopy
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      – SubjectFull: Nanoindentation tests
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      – TitleFull: Deformation Mechanisms of Zinc Single Crystal Investigated with Spherical Nanoindentation Test.
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            NameFull: Kucharski, Stanisław
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            NameFull: Doan, Viet Nghia
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            NameFull: Maj, Michał
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Metallurgical & Materials Transactions. Part A
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