Distributed adaptive optimal secondary control for AC islanded microgrid under multiple event-triggered mechanisms.

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Title: Distributed adaptive optimal secondary control for AC islanded microgrid under multiple event-triggered mechanisms.
Authors: Duan, Qin-Shuo1 (AUTHOR) 6221913022@stu.jiangnan.edu.cn, Tang, Ze1 (AUTHOR) tangze0124@gmail.com, Ding, Dong2,3 (AUTHOR) dingd@sdju.edu.cn
Source: ISA Transactions. Aug2025, Vol. 163, p65-75. 11p.
Subjects: Stability theory, Lyapunov stability, Microgrids, Cost control, Voltage
Abstract: This paper mainly proposes a novel distributed secondary event-triggering control strategy for AC islanded microgrid, which not only achieves the consistency of frequency and voltage but also considers the proportional sharing of active power. Compared to the traditional fixed periodic communication, the proposed multiple event-triggered strategy only conducts a sparse communication among distributed generators (D G s). For accelerating the convergence speed and saving the control costs efficiently, a time-varying adaptive updating law for frequency and voltage is proposed. Furthermore, it is confirmed that there is no Zeno behavior. Combined with Lyapunov stability theory, the control strategy is proven to be capable for driving the stability and consistency of microgrid. Finally, three numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of control mechanisms. • A novel secondary control algorithm is proposed to achieve the complete synchronization of frequency and voltage. • A novel event-triggering mechanism with different time scales is proposed. • The event-triggered condition of state error derivatives is introduced to enhance the fast response performance of event-triggering. • A novel adaptive updating time-varying law is proposed for the control strengths in frequency and voltage feedback controllers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of ISA Transactions is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Distributed adaptive optimal secondary control for AC islanded microgrid under multiple event-triggered mechanisms.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duan%2C+Qin-Shuo%22">Duan, Qin-Shuo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> 6221913022@stu.jiangnan.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tang%2C+Ze%22">Tang, Ze</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> tangze0124@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ding%2C+Dong%22">Ding, Dong</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> dingd@sdju.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22ISA+Transactions%22">ISA Transactions</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 163, p65-75. 11p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stability+theory%22">Stability theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lyapunov+stability%22">Lyapunov stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microgrids%22">Microgrids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+control%22">Cost control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Voltage%22">Voltage</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper mainly proposes a novel distributed secondary event-triggering control strategy for AC islanded microgrid, which not only achieves the consistency of frequency and voltage but also considers the proportional sharing of active power. Compared to the traditional fixed periodic communication, the proposed multiple event-triggered strategy only conducts a sparse communication among distributed generators (D G s). For accelerating the convergence speed and saving the control costs efficiently, a time-varying adaptive updating law for frequency and voltage is proposed. Furthermore, it is confirmed that there is no Zeno behavior. Combined with Lyapunov stability theory, the control strategy is proven to be capable for driving the stability and consistency of microgrid. Finally, three numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of control mechanisms. • A novel secondary control algorithm is proposed to achieve the complete synchronization of frequency and voltage. • A novel event-triggering mechanism with different time scales is proposed. • The event-triggered condition of state error derivatives is introduced to enhance the fast response performance of event-triggering. • A novel adaptive updating time-varying law is proposed for the control strengths in frequency and voltage feedback controllers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of ISA Transactions is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.isatra.2025.04.036
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 65
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Stability theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lyapunov stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microgrids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cost control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Voltage
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Distributed adaptive optimal secondary control for AC islanded microgrid under multiple event-triggered mechanisms.
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            NameFull: Duan, Qin-Shuo
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            NameFull: Tang, Ze
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          Name:
            NameFull: Ding, Dong
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 163
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