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Discrete vs. Discretized Control in Voltage Source Inverters for UPS Systems.

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Title: Discrete vs. Discretized Control in Voltage Source Inverters for UPS Systems.
Authors: Rymarski, Zbigniew1 (AUTHOR) zrymarski@polsl.pl, Oliwa, Wojciech1 (AUTHOR), Wieczorek, Grzegorz1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Jul2025, Vol. 18 Issue 13, p3336. 27p.
Subjects: Passivity-based control, Uninterruptible power supply, DC-AC converters, Digital control systems, Time delay systems
Abstract: Digital control in UPS systems is currently the only reasonable way of controlling a voltage source inverter (VSI). The control frequency range is restricted to up to about 1 kHz owing to the output low-pass LC filter, which should also maintain the output voltage during one switching period for the step unload. The measurement channels in the low-pass frequency range can be modeled as delays equal to some switching periods. A reasonably high (about 50 kHz) switching frequency minimizes the delays of the measurement channels. Two control systems will be compared—the pure discrete control, in this case a one-sample-ahead preview deadbeat control (OSAP), and a discretized passivity-based control (PBC). The OSAP control is easy to realize, is very fast, and enables one to obtain a steady state in a restricted number of steps after disturbance. However, the single-input single-output deadbeat control version is useless because it depends very strongly on the parameters of the inverter. The multi-input single-output OSAP (MISO-OSAP) control is directly based on discrete state equations (we treat the output voltage, output current, and inductor current as the measured state variables) and works perfectly for the nonlinear rectifier RC load (PF = 0.7) in a system without delay. The version of this with a linear prediction of state variables by means of a full-order state Luenberger observer (MISO-OSAP-LO) will be used in systems with different delays and compared with the discretized MISO passivity-based control without prediction for relatively high switching frequency (about 50 kHz). The aim and the novelty of the paper are in enabling a choice between one of these control systems for high switching frequency VSI with delays in the measurement channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Discrete vs. Discretized Control in Voltage Source Inverters for UPS Systems.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rymarski%2C+Zbigniew%22">Rymarski, Zbigniew</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zrymarski@polsl.pl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oliwa%2C+Wojciech%22">Oliwa, Wojciech</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wieczorek%2C+Grzegorz%22">Wieczorek, Grzegorz</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jul2025, Vol. 18 Issue 13, p3336. 27p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Passivity-based+control%22">Passivity-based control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Uninterruptible+power+supply%22">Uninterruptible power supply</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22DC-AC+converters%22">DC-AC converters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Digital+control+systems%22">Digital control systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+delay+systems%22">Time delay systems</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Digital control in UPS systems is currently the only reasonable way of controlling a voltage source inverter (VSI). The control frequency range is restricted to up to about 1 kHz owing to the output low-pass LC filter, which should also maintain the output voltage during one switching period for the step unload. The measurement channels in the low-pass frequency range can be modeled as delays equal to some switching periods. A reasonably high (about 50 kHz) switching frequency minimizes the delays of the measurement channels. Two control systems will be compared—the pure discrete control, in this case a one-sample-ahead preview deadbeat control (OSAP), and a discretized passivity-based control (PBC). The OSAP control is easy to realize, is very fast, and enables one to obtain a steady state in a restricted number of steps after disturbance. However, the single-input single-output deadbeat control version is useless because it depends very strongly on the parameters of the inverter. The multi-input single-output OSAP (MISO-OSAP) control is directly based on discrete state equations (we treat the output voltage, output current, and inductor current as the measured state variables) and works perfectly for the nonlinear rectifier RC load (PF = 0.7) in a system without delay. The version of this with a linear prediction of state variables by means of a full-order state Luenberger observer (MISO-OSAP-LO) will be used in systems with different delays and compared with the discretized MISO passivity-based control without prediction for relatively high switching frequency (about 50 kHz). The aim and the novelty of the paper are in enabling a choice between one of these control systems for high switching frequency VSI with delays in the measurement channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/en18133336
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 27
        StartPage: 3336
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      – SubjectFull: Passivity-based control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Uninterruptible power supply
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DC-AC converters
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Digital control systems
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      – SubjectFull: Time delay systems
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Discrete vs. Discretized Control in Voltage Source Inverters for UPS Systems.
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            NameFull: Rymarski, Zbigniew
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            NameFull: Wieczorek, Grzegorz
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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