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Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide Polarization Beam Splitters on Si3N4-on-SOI Platform for Broadband Operation.

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Title: Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide Polarization Beam Splitters on Si3N4-on-SOI Platform for Broadband Operation.
Authors: Sharma, Tarun1 (AUTHOR) sharma.tarun23@gmail.com, Painam, Balveer2 (AUTHOR), Liu, Xingyu3 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Zunyue3 (AUTHOR), Yu, Kyoungsik4 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Zhenzhou3,5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Plasmonics. Jul2025, Vol. 20 Issue 7, p4871-4882. 12p.
Subjects: Wavelength division multiplexing, Beam splitters, Insertion loss (Telecommunication), Plasmonics, Waveguides, Silicon nanowires
Abstract: In this article, a broadband compact Si3N4-on-SOI platform-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPW) for polarization beam splitters (PBS) have been proposed for low insertion loss (IL) and high extinction ratio (ER). The proposed PBS consists of two parallel waveguides separated by a gap. One waveguide is HPW, consisting of a Si/Si3N4/Au stake separated horizontally by a gap with a silicon nanowire (Si-NW). The modal properties of the Si/Si3N4/Au HPW and Si-NW have been done with the finite-element-method (FEM) as well as finite-difference-time domain method (FDTD). The proper selection of width and height of the proposed HPW PBS leads to the phase matching for the transverse electric (TE) polarization mode in Si-NW and HPW while maintaining the phase mismatching for the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization mode. Hence, due to the phase mismatch, TM mode passes directly through the HPW while TE mode finds its path toward the Si-NW due to strong coupling. The proposed simulated HPW PBS is able to maintain a compact device length of 36.5 um with a broad bandwidth of nearly 740 nm for TE polarization. Further, this HPW PBS is able to keep the low IL(TE) of (0.395 dB, 0.410 dB, 0.182 dB) and high extinction ratio ER(TE) of (4.75 dB, 6.95 dB, 11.40 dB) at the operating wavelength (λ) of 1.310 µm, 1.550 µm, and 2 µm. Similarly, the TM mode is rejected by high IL(TM) as (16.25 dB, 28.11 dB, 22.38 dB) and low ER(TM) as (2.10 dB, 1.81 dB, 1.10 dB) for the same operating λ. The device is able to maintain low IL(TE) < 0.735 dB with a rejection ratio for TM mode with IL(TM) > 11.07 dB for broad λ span as (1.26–2) µm. The proposed HPW PBS is easy to fabricate and has a large fabrication tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Plasmonics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide Polarization Beam Splitters on Si&lt;subscript&gt;3&lt;/subscript&gt;N&lt;subscript&gt;4&lt;/subscript&gt;-on-SOI Platform for Broadband Operation.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Plasmonics%22&quot;&gt;Plasmonics&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Jul2025, Vol. 20 Issue 7, p4871-4882. 12p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this article, a broadband compact Si3N4-on-SOI platform-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPW) for polarization beam splitters (PBS) have been proposed for low insertion loss (IL) and high extinction ratio (ER). The proposed PBS consists of two parallel waveguides separated by a gap. One waveguide is HPW, consisting of a Si/Si3N4/Au stake separated horizontally by a gap with a silicon nanowire (Si-NW). The modal properties of the Si/Si3N4/Au HPW and Si-NW have been done with the finite-element-method (FEM) as well as finite-difference-time domain method (FDTD). The proper selection of width and height of the proposed HPW PBS leads to the phase matching for the transverse electric (TE) polarization mode in Si-NW and HPW while maintaining the phase mismatching for the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization mode. Hence, due to the phase mismatch, TM mode passes directly through the HPW while TE mode finds its path toward the Si-NW due to strong coupling. The proposed simulated HPW PBS is able to maintain a compact device length of 36.5 um with a broad bandwidth of nearly 740 nm for TE polarization. Further, this HPW PBS is able to keep the low IL(TE) of (0.395 dB, 0.410 dB, 0.182 dB) and high extinction ratio ER(TE) of (4.75 dB, 6.95 dB, 11.40 dB) at the operating wavelength (λ) of 1.310 &#181;m, 1.550 &#181;m, and 2 &#181;m. Similarly, the TM mode is rejected by high IL(TM) as (16.25 dB, 28.11 dB, 22.38 dB) and low ER(TM) as (2.10 dB, 1.81 dB, 1.10 dB) for the same operating λ. The device is able to maintain low IL(TE) &lt; 0.735 dB with a rejection ratio for TM mode with IL(TM) &gt; 11.07 dB for broad λ span as (1.26–2) &#181;m. The proposed HPW PBS is easy to fabricate and has a large fabrication tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Plasmonics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11468-024-02672-z
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
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      – SubjectFull: Wavelength division multiplexing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Beam splitters
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      – SubjectFull: Insertion loss (Telecommunication)
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      – SubjectFull: Plasmonics
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      – SubjectFull: Waveguides
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      – SubjectFull: Silicon nanowires
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      – TitleFull: Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide Polarization Beam Splitters on Si3N4-on-SOI Platform for Broadband Operation.
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            NameFull: Yu, Kyoungsik
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              M: 07
              Text: Jul2025
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