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Electrically Tunable Metasurface Reflector based on Graphene–Metal Plasmon Interactions on a Silver Grating.

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Title: Electrically Tunable Metasurface Reflector based on Graphene–Metal Plasmon Interactions on a Silver Grating.
Authors: Kim, Youngsoo1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Sanghyeok1 (AUTHOR), Lee, Young Jin1 (AUTHOR), Hong, Seung Hyeon1 (AUTHOR), Kwon, Soon-Hong1 (AUTHOR) shkwon@cau.ac.kr
Source: Plasmonics. Jul2025, Vol. 20 Issue 7, p5103-5111. 9p.
Subjects: Optical conductivity, Optical devices, Fermi level, Aluminum oxide, Substrates (Materials science)
Abstract: We propose a tunable metasurface reflector that integrates a passive metasurface with graphene—a two-dimensional material—to enhance reflectance modulation efficiency under an external voltage. The device comprised a silver substrate with etched air grooves, an aluminium oxide spacer layer, and a single graphene layer. The metasurface was designed to intensify light-matter interactions, increasing the modulation efficiency of graphene. Two passive metamaterials, differing in meta-atom size, were investigated. Smaller meta-atoms produced a narrower reflective notch, whereas larger meta-atoms enhanced the modulation efficiency of graphene. The rectangular periodic silver plates and graphene layer were optimized for operation at a 1550 nm wavelength. The reflectance of the open-hole mirror, composed of graphene and the spacer, can be electrically modulated by biasing the graphene. The optical conductivity of graphene was modeled using the local random phase approximation, with its Fermi level directly proportional to the applied voltage bias. This tunable metasurface reflector provides a straightforward and effective method for controlling light-matter interactions, with potential applications in optical devices, such as filters, sensors, and modulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Plasmonics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Electrically Tunable Metasurface Reflector based on Graphene–Metal Plasmon Interactions on a Silver Grating.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Plasmonics%22">Plasmonics</searchLink>. Jul2025, Vol. 20 Issue 7, p5103-5111. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+conductivity%22">Optical conductivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+devices%22">Optical devices</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fermi+level%22">Fermi level</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aluminum+oxide%22">Aluminum oxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substrates+%28Materials+science%29%22">Substrates (Materials science)</searchLink>
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  Data: We propose a tunable metasurface reflector that integrates a passive metasurface with graphene—a two-dimensional material—to enhance reflectance modulation efficiency under an external voltage. The device comprised a silver substrate with etched air grooves, an aluminium oxide spacer layer, and a single graphene layer. The metasurface was designed to intensify light-matter interactions, increasing the modulation efficiency of graphene. Two passive metamaterials, differing in meta-atom size, were investigated. Smaller meta-atoms produced a narrower reflective notch, whereas larger meta-atoms enhanced the modulation efficiency of graphene. The rectangular periodic silver plates and graphene layer were optimized for operation at a 1550 nm wavelength. The reflectance of the open-hole mirror, composed of graphene and the spacer, can be electrically modulated by biasing the graphene. The optical conductivity of graphene was modeled using the local random phase approximation, with its Fermi level directly proportional to the applied voltage bias. This tunable metasurface reflector provides a straightforward and effective method for controlling light-matter interactions, with potential applications in optical devices, such as filters, sensors, and modulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Plasmonics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11468-024-02703-9
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              Text: Jul2025
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