Emission and Heat Release Characterization of Propane/Syngas Mixture Diffusion Flame Under Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion and Preheated-Air Combustion Conditions.

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Title: Emission and Heat Release Characterization of Propane/Syngas Mixture Diffusion Flame Under Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion and Preheated-Air Combustion Conditions.
Authors: Bouhentala, Bigeud1 (AUTHOR) bigeud.bouhentala@univ-batna.dz, Hadef, Amar2 (AUTHOR), Zeroual, Aouachria1 (AUTHOR), Mameri, Abdelbaki2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Combustion Science & Technology. 2025, Vol. 197 Issue 11, p2803-2835. 33p.
Subjects: Propane, Synthesis gas, Flame, Lean combustion, Heat of combustion, Emission exposure, Combustion kinetics, Combustion
Abstract: In this study, the emission and heat release characterization of propane/syngas opposed jet diffusion flame under oxygen-enhanced and preheated-air combustion conditions was conducted. The impacts of different operating conditions were examined, namely, the fuel mixture composition, where the propane mole fraction was varied from 0.3 to 0.7, while syngas was assumed as an equimolar mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The oxidizer was assumed to be an enriched air where the oxygen mole fraction was varied from 0.21 to 0.3. The oxidizer injection temperature was varied from 300 K to 500 K; in contrast, the fuel injection temperature was kept constant and equal to 300 K. The injection velocity of both fuel and the oxidizer is equal and varied from ignition to extinction in terms of strain rate. Finally, the pressure is constant and equal to 1 atm. The combustion chemical kinetics mechanism USC II for H2/CO/C1-C4 coupled with the Gri 2.11 N-sub mechanism was adopted. It is found that increasing syngas mole fraction in the fuel mixture enhances flame temperature, extends the flammability limits, promotes heat release rate, reduces CO/CO2 emission, and increases NO emissions through the thermal route nevertheless, the prompt route remained the dominant NO production route. Moreover, it was noted that under the oxygen-enhanced combustion condition, CO/CO2 emission increases, the heat release rate experiences an increase, and the flame temperature is significantly enhanced hence a considerable increase in NO emission through the thermal route, which evolves to be the dominant NO production route. Furthermore, it was remarked that under the preheated-air combustion condition, the flame temperature experiences a considerable increase; consequently, the CO emission increases due to CO2 disposition thus, its reduction, and the NO emission slightly increases through the thermal route, which becomes the dominant NO production route in the syngas-rich mixture, in contrast, the heat release rate decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Emission and Heat Release Characterization of Propane/Syngas Mixture Diffusion Flame Under Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion and Preheated-Air Combustion Conditions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bouhentala%2C+Bigeud%22">Bouhentala, Bigeud</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> bigeud.bouhentala@univ-batna.dz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hadef%2C+Amar%22">Hadef, Amar</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zeroual%2C+Aouachria%22">Zeroual, Aouachria</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mameri%2C+Abdelbaki%22">Mameri, Abdelbaki</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Combustion+Science+%26+Technology%22">Combustion Science & Technology</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 197 Issue 11, p2803-2835. 33p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Propane%22">Propane</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Synthesis+gas%22">Synthesis gas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Flame%22">Flame</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lean+combustion%22">Lean combustion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+of+combustion%22">Heat of combustion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emission+exposure%22">Emission exposure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Combustion+kinetics%22">Combustion kinetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Combustion%22">Combustion</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this study, the emission and heat release characterization of propane/syngas opposed jet diffusion flame under oxygen-enhanced and preheated-air combustion conditions was conducted. The impacts of different operating conditions were examined, namely, the fuel mixture composition, where the propane mole fraction was varied from 0.3 to 0.7, while syngas was assumed as an equimolar mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The oxidizer was assumed to be an enriched air where the oxygen mole fraction was varied from 0.21 to 0.3. The oxidizer injection temperature was varied from 300 K to 500 K; in contrast, the fuel injection temperature was kept constant and equal to 300 K. The injection velocity of both fuel and the oxidizer is equal and varied from ignition to extinction in terms of strain rate. Finally, the pressure is constant and equal to 1 atm. The combustion chemical kinetics mechanism USC II for H2/CO/C1-C4 coupled with the Gri 2.11 N-sub mechanism was adopted. It is found that increasing syngas mole fraction in the fuel mixture enhances flame temperature, extends the flammability limits, promotes heat release rate, reduces CO/CO2 emission, and increases NO emissions through the thermal route nevertheless, the prompt route remained the dominant NO production route. Moreover, it was noted that under the oxygen-enhanced combustion condition, CO/CO2 emission increases, the heat release rate experiences an increase, and the flame temperature is significantly enhanced hence a considerable increase in NO emission through the thermal route, which evolves to be the dominant NO production route. Furthermore, it was remarked that under the preheated-air combustion condition, the flame temperature experiences a considerable increase; consequently, the CO emission increases due to CO2 disposition thus, its reduction, and the NO emission slightly increases through the thermal route, which becomes the dominant NO production route in the syngas-rich mixture, in contrast, the heat release rate decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Combustion Science & Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/00102202.2024.2326158
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 33
        StartPage: 2803
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Propane
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Synthesis gas
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Flame
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lean combustion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat of combustion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emission exposure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Combustion kinetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Combustion
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Emission and Heat Release Characterization of Propane/Syngas Mixture Diffusion Flame Under Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion and Preheated-Air Combustion Conditions.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Hadef, Amar
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            NameFull: Zeroual, Aouachria
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: 2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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