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Self-alignment method for four integral bucket phase demodulation in displacement interferometry.

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Title: Self-alignment method for four integral bucket phase demodulation in displacement interferometry.
Authors: Liu, Qi1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Lin, Jiajun1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Liu, Junfeng1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Lai, Tao1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Luo, Gangjie1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Li, Zelong1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Chen, Shanyong1,2,3 (AUTHOR) mesychen@163.com
Source: Optics & Laser Technology. Dec2025, Vol. 191, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Phase modulation, Demodulation, Interferometry, Pails, Calibration
Abstract: The four integrating buckets phase demodulation technique, as one of the mainstream phase demodulation methods, is widely used in fiber-optic interferometric measurements. The phase modulation depth and the degree of phase matching of the modulated signal directly affect the phase demodulation results. Due to the presence of unknown phase delay effects in interferometric measurement systems, the calibration step is challenging when using this method for phase demodulation. This paper proposes a phase self-calibration method for fiber-optic interferometry applications. By establishing an elliptical model evaluation criterion, the optimal matching phase value for modulation at any modulation depth can be determined. Simulation analysis and experimental verification based on displacement measurement were conducted. The results indicate that the influence of phase delay is suppressed, and both linear and sinusoidal displacements are accurately reconstructed at modulation depths of 1.85 rad and 2.02 rad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Optics & Laser Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Self-alignment method for four integral bucket phase demodulation in displacement interferometry.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Qi%22">Liu, Qi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lin%2C+Jiajun%22">Lin, Jiajun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Junfeng%22">Liu, Junfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lai%2C+Tao%22">Lai, Tao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Gangjie%22">Luo, Gangjie</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Zelong%22">Li, Zelong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Shanyong%22">Chen, Shanyong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mesychen@163.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Optics+%26+Laser+Technology%22">Optics & Laser Technology</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 191, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+modulation%22">Phase modulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Demodulation%22">Demodulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interferometry%22">Interferometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pails%22">Pails</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calibration%22">Calibration</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The four integrating buckets phase demodulation technique, as one of the mainstream phase demodulation methods, is widely used in fiber-optic interferometric measurements. The phase modulation depth and the degree of phase matching of the modulated signal directly affect the phase demodulation results. Due to the presence of unknown phase delay effects in interferometric measurement systems, the calibration step is challenging when using this method for phase demodulation. This paper proposes a phase self-calibration method for fiber-optic interferometry applications. By establishing an elliptical model evaluation criterion, the optimal matching phase value for modulation at any modulation depth can be determined. Simulation analysis and experimental verification based on displacement measurement were conducted. The results indicate that the influence of phase delay is suppressed, and both linear and sinusoidal displacements are accurately reconstructed at modulation depths of 1.85 rad and 2.02 rad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Optics & Laser Technology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113288
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Phase modulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Demodulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interferometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pails
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calibration
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Self-alignment method for four integral bucket phase demodulation in displacement interferometry.
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            NameFull: Liu, Qi
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            NameFull: Lin, Jiajun
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            NameFull: Liu, Junfeng
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            NameFull: Lai, Tao
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            NameFull: Luo, Gangjie
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            NameFull: Li, Zelong
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            NameFull: Chen, Shanyong
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            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 191
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