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Combining frequency navigator and optical prospective motion correction for functional MRS during motor activation at 3 T: A feasibility study.

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Title: Combining frequency navigator and optical prospective motion correction for functional MRS during motor activation at 3 T: A feasibility study.
Authors: Liu, Yiling1 (AUTHOR), Wei, Yu1 (AUTHOR), Yang, Yanxing2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Xinyue2 (AUTHOR), Zhao, Jiaqi2 (AUTHOR), Lee, Philip Kenneth1 (AUTHOR), Tal, Assaf3 (AUTHOR), Chen, Hao1 (AUTHOR) h.chen@sjtu.edu.cn, Zhang, Zhiyong1 (AUTHOR) zhiyong.zhang@sjtu.edu.cn
Source: Medical Physics. Jul2025, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1-13. 13p.
Subjects: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Metabolites, Magnetic resonance, Brain metabolism, Computer-assisted image analysis (Medicine), Neuromuscular system physiology
Abstract: Background: Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) is a powerful tool for investigating neurometabolic dynamics in response to physiological stimuli in vivo. However, fMRS is challenging due to the low SNR of the spectrum and small neurochemical changes. Many existing studies were conducted at ultrahigh field strength (7 T). To translate fMRS studies to the more common 3 T clinical field strength, averaging more transients can improve SNR. However, this results in a long scan time compounds physiological motion which incurs degradations in spectrum quality and consistency. Purpose: Investigate the feasibility of PRESS fMRS studies at 3 T assisted by the combination of prospective motion correction (PMC) system and frequency navigator. Methods: A combination of markerless PMC system and frequency navigator was applied to an fMRS study during motor activation with a clinical PRESS protocol at 3 T. Twenty‐one volunteers were involved in the study. The functional task paradigm consisted of three blocks REST‐TASK‐REST. During the TASK period, the volunteer was asked to squeeze a hand‐hold balloon according to a red rectangle flashing at 2 Hz shown centered in a black background. The same motor task was repeated twice, once with PMC ON and once with PMC OFF. The data were processed and quantified by in‐house VDI software. The following two analyses were performed: a motion pattern analysis and a metabolite dynamics analysis. The motion analysis was used to compare the motion states when PMC was ON and OFF. The metabolite dynamic change was a key assessment for the fMRS study. It was estimated via Δ=μtask−μrestμrest≡Δμμrest${{\Delta}} = \frac{{{\mu }_{task} - {\mu }_{rest}}}{{{\mu }_{rest}}}\ \equiv \frac{{\Delta \mu }}{{{\mu }_{rest}}}$. p‐values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A statistically significant increase in Glx of 5.73% when the PMC was switched on was observed. No statistically significant increase in any of the metabolites with PMC OFF was observed. The major singlets (tCho, tCr, and tNAA) for both PMC ON and OFF keep constant. Conclusions: With a markerless PMC system and frequency navigator, PRESS fMRS at 3 T is capable of detecting small changes of a few percent in Glx concentration during functional activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Combining frequency navigator and optical prospective motion correction for functional MRS during motor activation at 3&#160;T: A feasibility study.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Medical+Physics%22&quot;&gt;Medical Physics&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Jul2025, Vol. 52 Issue 7, p1-13. 13p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) is a powerful tool for investigating neurometabolic dynamics in response to physiological stimuli in vivo. However, fMRS is challenging due to the low SNR of the spectrum and small neurochemical changes. Many existing studies were conducted at ultrahigh field strength (7 T). To translate fMRS studies to the more common 3 T clinical field strength, averaging more transients can improve SNR. However, this results in a long scan time compounds physiological motion which incurs degradations in spectrum quality and consistency. Purpose: Investigate the feasibility of PRESS fMRS studies at 3 T assisted by the combination of prospective motion correction (PMC) system and frequency navigator. Methods: A combination of markerless PMC system and frequency navigator was applied to an fMRS study during motor activation with a clinical PRESS protocol at 3 T. Twenty‐one volunteers were involved in the study. The functional task paradigm consisted of three blocks REST‐TASK‐REST. During the TASK period, the volunteer was asked to squeeze a hand‐hold balloon according to a red rectangle flashing at 2 Hz shown centered in a black background. The same motor task was repeated twice, once with PMC ON and once with PMC OFF. The data were processed and quantified by in‐house VDI software. The following two analyses were performed: a motion pattern analysis and a metabolite dynamics analysis. The motion analysis was used to compare the motion states when PMC was ON and OFF. The metabolite dynamic change was a key assessment for the fMRS study. It was estimated via Δ=μtask−μrestμrest≡Δμμrest${{\Delta}} = \frac{{{\mu }_{task} - {\mu }_{rest}}}{{{\mu }_{rest}}}\ \equiv \frac{{\Delta \mu }}{{{\mu }_{rest}}}$. p‐values &lt; 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A statistically significant increase in Glx of 5.73% when the PMC was switched on was observed. No statistically significant increase in any of the metabolites with PMC OFF was observed. The major singlets (tCho, tCr, and tNAA) for both PMC ON and OFF keep constant. Conclusions: With a markerless PMC system and frequency navigator, PRESS fMRS at 3 T is capable of detecting small changes of a few percent in Glx concentration during functional activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Medical Physics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/mp.17861
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Metabolites
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetic resonance
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      – SubjectFull: Brain metabolism
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      – SubjectFull: Computer-assisted image analysis (Medicine)
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      – SubjectFull: Neuromuscular system physiology
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      – TitleFull: Combining frequency navigator and optical prospective motion correction for functional MRS during motor activation at 3 T: A feasibility study.
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              Text: Jul2025
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