High-Frequency Impedance of Rotationally Symmetric Two-Terminal Linear Passive Devices: Application to Parallel Plate Capacitors with a Lossy Dielectric Core and Lossy Thick Plates.
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| Title: | High-Frequency Impedance of Rotationally Symmetric Two-Terminal Linear Passive Devices: Application to Parallel Plate Capacitors with a Lossy Dielectric Core and Lossy Thick Plates. |
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| Authors: | Brandão Faria, José1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Energies (19961073). Jul2025, Vol. 18 Issue 14, p3739. 26p. |
| Subjects: | Electric impedance, Passive components, Permittivity, Maxwell, James Clerk, 1831-1879, Skin effect, Electronic equipment, Dielectric materials |
| Abstract: | Linear passive electrical devices/components are usually characterized in the frequency domain by their impedance, i.e., the ratio of the voltage and current phasors. The use of the impedance concept does not raise particular concerns in low-frequency regimes; however, things become more complicated when it comes to rapid time-varying phenomena, mainly because the voltage depends not only on the position of the points between which it is defined but also on the choice of the integration path that connects them. In this article, based on first principles (Maxwell equations and Poynting vector flow considerations), we discuss the concept of impedance and define it unequivocally for a class of electrical devices/components with rotational symmetry. Two application examples are presented and discussed. One simple example concerns the per-unit-length impedance of a homogeneous cylindrical wire subject to the skin effect. The other, which is more elaborate, concerns a heterogeneous structure that consists of a dielectric disk sandwiched between two metal plates. For the lossless situation, the high-frequency impedance of this device (circular parallel plate capacitor) reaches zero when the frequency reaches a certain critical frequency fc; then, it becomes inductive and increases enormously when the frequency reaches another critical frequency at 1.6 fc. The influence of losses on the impedance of the device is thoroughly investigated and evaluated. Impedance corrections due to dielectric losses are analyzed using a frequency-dependent Debye permittivity model. The impedance corrections due to plate losses are analyzed by considering radial current distributions on the outer and inner surfaces of the plates, the latter exhibiting significant variations near the critical frequencies of the device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 186930487 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: High-Frequency Impedance of Rotationally Symmetric Two-Terminal Linear Passive Devices: Application to Parallel Plate Capacitors with a Lossy Dielectric Core and Lossy Thick Plates. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brandão+Faria%2C+José%22">Brandão Faria, José</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Jul2025, Vol. 18 Issue 14, p3739. 26p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+impedance%22">Electric impedance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Passive+components%22">Passive components</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Permittivity%22">Permittivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Maxwell%2C+James+Clerk%2C+1831-1879%22">Maxwell, James Clerk, 1831-1879</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Skin+effect%22">Skin effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+equipment%22">Electronic equipment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dielectric+materials%22">Dielectric materials</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Linear passive electrical devices/components are usually characterized in the frequency domain by their impedance, i.e., the ratio of the voltage and current phasors. The use of the impedance concept does not raise particular concerns in low-frequency regimes; however, things become more complicated when it comes to rapid time-varying phenomena, mainly because the voltage depends not only on the position of the points between which it is defined but also on the choice of the integration path that connects them. In this article, based on first principles (Maxwell equations and Poynting vector flow considerations), we discuss the concept of impedance and define it unequivocally for a class of electrical devices/components with rotational symmetry. Two application examples are presented and discussed. One simple example concerns the per-unit-length impedance of a homogeneous cylindrical wire subject to the skin effect. The other, which is more elaborate, concerns a heterogeneous structure that consists of a dielectric disk sandwiched between two metal plates. For the lossless situation, the high-frequency impedance of this device (circular parallel plate capacitor) reaches zero when the frequency reaches a certain critical frequency fc; then, it becomes inductive and increases enormously when the frequency reaches another critical frequency at 1.6 fc. The influence of losses on the impedance of the device is thoroughly investigated and evaluated. Impedance corrections due to dielectric losses are analyzed using a frequency-dependent Debye permittivity model. The impedance corrections due to plate losses are analyzed by considering radial current distributions on the outer and inner surfaces of the plates, the latter exhibiting significant variations near the critical frequencies of the device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/en18143739 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 26 StartPage: 3739 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Electric impedance Type: general – SubjectFull: Passive components Type: general – SubjectFull: Permittivity Type: general – SubjectFull: Maxwell, James Clerk, 1831-1879 Type: general – SubjectFull: Skin effect Type: general – SubjectFull: Electronic equipment Type: general – SubjectFull: Dielectric materials Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: High-Frequency Impedance of Rotationally Symmetric Two-Terminal Linear Passive Devices: Application to Parallel Plate Capacitors with a Lossy Dielectric Core and Lossy Thick Plates. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Brandão Faria, José IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 07 Text: Jul2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961073 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 18 – Type: issue Value: 14 Titles: – TitleFull: Energies (19961073) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
