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Highly sensitive detection of opium alkaloid morphine sulfate in blood sample using cystine modified samarium doped gadolinium telluride biosensor.

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Title: Highly sensitive detection of opium alkaloid morphine sulfate in blood sample using cystine modified samarium doped gadolinium telluride biosensor.
Authors: Subhan, Muhammad1 (AUTHOR), Shaheen, Sana1 (AUTHOR), Hussain, Dilshad2 (AUTHOR), Zahra Jawad, Shan E1 (AUTHOR), Imran, Muhammad3,4 (AUTHOR), Saeed, Ummama1 (AUTHOR), Najam-ul-Haq, Muhammad5 (AUTHOR), Fatima, Batool1 (AUTHOR) batoolfatima@bzu.edu.pk
Source: Microchemical Journal. Aug2025, Vol. 215, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Narcotics, Electrochemical sensors, Cyclic voltammetry, Impedance spectroscopy, Cystine
Abstract: The detection and quantification of narcotics, such as morphine sulfate, in biological samples are of paramount importance in forensic analysis and clinical diagnostics. A novel electrochemical sensor, based on samarium-doped gadolinium telluride (Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm) nanoparticles, was synthesized by hydrothermal method and functionalized with cystine to form a Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-cystine composite. The synthesized material was utilized as a sensing material for morphine detection. The electrochemical response of the modified electrode was investigated at different concentrations and pH. Various parameters were optimized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), including scan rate, stability, and conductivity of the Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-cystine composite. Results demonstrated that modifying Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm with cystine significantly improved morphine detection performance. To validate the findings, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to validate the detection of morphine sulfate at different concentrations and pH. CV, LSV, and DPV measurements demonstrated matching trends, confirming the presence of morphine sulfate with a limit of detection for LSV and DPV of 1.29 μM and 3.9 μM, respectively. The developed sensing platform shows promise for further advancements in narcotics analysis, offering a sensitive and reliable approach to detecting and quantifying opiates in biological samples. [Display omitted] • Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-Cystine/GCE exhibits high selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and recovery. • This biosensor can detect morphine sulfate in real biological samples. • The primary advantage of this biosensor is its excellenet selectivity and sensitivity for target analyte. • Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-Cystine/GCE biosensor has the potential for clinical diagnosis and forensic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 186994338
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Highly sensitive detection of opium alkaloid morphine sulfate in blood sample using cystine modified samarium doped gadolinium telluride biosensor.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Subhan%2C+Muhammad%22">Subhan, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shaheen%2C+Sana%22">Shaheen, Sana</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hussain%2C+Dilshad%22">Hussain, Dilshad</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zahra+Jawad%2C+Shan+E%22">Zahra Jawad, Shan E</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Imran%2C+Muhammad%22">Imran, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saeed%2C+Ummama%22">Saeed, Ummama</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Najam-ul-Haq%2C+Muhammad%22">Najam-ul-Haq, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fatima%2C+Batool%22">Fatima, Batool</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> batoolfatima@bzu.edu.pk</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Microchemical+Journal%22">Microchemical Journal</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 215, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Narcotics%22">Narcotics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+sensors%22">Electrochemical sensors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cyclic+voltammetry%22">Cyclic voltammetry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impedance+spectroscopy%22">Impedance spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cystine%22">Cystine</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The detection and quantification of narcotics, such as morphine sulfate, in biological samples are of paramount importance in forensic analysis and clinical diagnostics. A novel electrochemical sensor, based on samarium-doped gadolinium telluride (Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm) nanoparticles, was synthesized by hydrothermal method and functionalized with cystine to form a Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-cystine composite. The synthesized material was utilized as a sensing material for morphine detection. The electrochemical response of the modified electrode was investigated at different concentrations and pH. Various parameters were optimized using cyclic voltammetry (CV), including scan rate, stability, and conductivity of the Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-cystine composite. Results demonstrated that modifying Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm with cystine significantly improved morphine detection performance. To validate the findings, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to validate the detection of morphine sulfate at different concentrations and pH. CV, LSV, and DPV measurements demonstrated matching trends, confirming the presence of morphine sulfate with a limit of detection for LSV and DPV of 1.29 μM and 3.9 μM, respectively. The developed sensing platform shows promise for further advancements in narcotics analysis, offering a sensitive and reliable approach to detecting and quantifying opiates in biological samples. [Display omitted] • Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-Cystine/GCE exhibits high selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and recovery. • This biosensor can detect morphine sulfate in real biological samples. • The primary advantage of this biosensor is its excellenet selectivity and sensitivity for target analyte. • Gd 2 Te 3 @Sm-Cystine/GCE biosensor has the potential for clinical diagnosis and forensic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Microchemical Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.114307
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Narcotics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrochemical sensors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cyclic voltammetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Impedance spectroscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cystine
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Highly sensitive detection of opium alkaloid morphine sulfate in blood sample using cystine modified samarium doped gadolinium telluride biosensor.
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            NameFull: Subhan, Muhammad
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            NameFull: Shaheen, Sana
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            NameFull: Zahra Jawad, Shan E
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            NameFull: Imran, Muhammad
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 215
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