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Promising X-type hexagonal ferrites for high frequency applications; synthesis and characterizations.

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Title: Promising X-type hexagonal ferrites for high frequency applications; synthesis and characterizations.
Authors: Majeed, Abdul1 (AUTHOR) abdulmajeed2276@gmail.com, Khan, Muhammad Azhar2 (AUTHOR), Ahmad, Ashfaq3 (AUTHOR), Javed, Zeshan4 (AUTHOR), Lodhi, Maria Yousuf5 (AUTHOR), Khan, Sidra5 (AUTHOR), ur Raheem, Faseeh1,2 (AUTHOR) faseehkhan66@gmail.com, Riaz, Muhammad Fahad6,7 (AUTHOR)
Source: Ceramics International. Aug2025:Part B, Vol. 51 Issue 20, p32305-32317. 13p.
Subjects: Magnetic structure, Thermogravimetry, Rietveld refinement, Permittivity, Copper
Abstract: Sr-based X-type hexagonal ferrites with Al-Cu substituted having nano scale structure were synthesized via sol-gel method. Thermal, structural, mechanical, TEM, spectral, dielectric, impedance, and magnetic analyses were discussed. The phase temperature was determined using thermal gravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction spectra depicted purity of the X-type hexagonal phase. Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns confirm the single phase of the materials. Substitution declines the lattice constants, cell volume, and X-ray density, while increases the crystallite size and porosity. It also decreases the microstrain. The TEM images indicate the crystalline nature and nano structure of the materials. The absorption bands appear in FTIR spectra around 400 cm−1 confirmed the iron and oxygen stretching oscillation at tetrahedral sites and the bands appear around 600 cm−1 confirmed the iron and oxygen stretching oscillation at tetrahedral sites. The Cole-Cole graph shows a single semi-circle for all samples, proving the dominant behavior of grains as well as grain boundary resistance. Samples Fe 27.4 Al 0.6 O 46 Ni 2 Sr 1.97 Cu 0.03 and Fe 27.2 Al 0.8 O 46 Ni 2 Sr 1.96 Cu 0.04 shows higher value of dielectric constant along with negative value of dielectric constant after the resonance. These samples also show moderate value coercivity (H c) which shows that these materials are neither too much hard and nor too much soft. These characteristics revealed the potential use of copper and aluminum substituted X-type hexaferrite as the storage and microwave absorber materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:Sr-based X-type hexagonal ferrites with Al-Cu substituted having nano scale structure were synthesized via sol-gel method. Thermal, structural, mechanical, TEM, spectral, dielectric, impedance, and magnetic analyses were discussed. The phase temperature was determined using thermal gravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction spectra depicted purity of the X-type hexagonal phase. Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns confirm the single phase of the materials. Substitution declines the lattice constants, cell volume, and X-ray density, while increases the crystallite size and porosity. It also decreases the microstrain. The TEM images indicate the crystalline nature and nano structure of the materials. The absorption bands appear in FTIR spectra around 400 cm−1 confirmed the iron and oxygen stretching oscillation at tetrahedral sites and the bands appear around 600 cm−1 confirmed the iron and oxygen stretching oscillation at tetrahedral sites. The Cole-Cole graph shows a single semi-circle for all samples, proving the dominant behavior of grains as well as grain boundary resistance. Samples Fe 27.4 Al 0.6 O 46 Ni 2 Sr 1.97 Cu 0.03 and Fe 27.2 Al 0.8 O 46 Ni 2 Sr 1.96 Cu 0.04 shows higher value of dielectric constant along with negative value of dielectric constant after the resonance. These samples also show moderate value coercivity (H c) which shows that these materials are neither too much hard and nor too much soft. These characteristics revealed the potential use of copper and aluminum substituted X-type hexaferrite as the storage and microwave absorber materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02728842
DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.04.417