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Effect of Fe substitution at the B‐site on the pyroelectric properties of bismuth titanate ceramics.

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Title: Effect of Fe substitution at the B‐site on the pyroelectric properties of bismuth titanate ceramics.
Authors: He, Shuang1,2 (AUTHOR), Guo, Shaobo1 (AUTHOR) guoshaobo@mail.sic.ac.cn, Cao, Fei1 (AUTHOR), Yao, Chunhua1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Genshui1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR) genshuiwang@mail.sic.ac.cn
Source: International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology. Sep/Oct2025, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects: Pyroelectricity, Lead-free ceramics, Thermal stability, Ferroelectric ceramics, Permittivity, Infrared detectors, Ceramic materials
Abstract: The effect of the B‐site substitution with the low‐valent Fe ion on the properties of lead‐free bismuth titanate (BNT) ferroelectric ceramics is explored. In this work, a series of ceramics with different Fe substitution concentrations are prepared. The Bi0.5Na0.5Ti0.999Fe0.001O3 (BNTF‐0.1) ceramic has the highest depolarization temperature (Td ≈ 213°C). The dielectric constant and dielectric loss fluctuate slightly with decreasing frequency. The pyroelectric coefficient p appreciably increases from 2.25 × 10−4 C·m−2·K−1 for BNT to 2.88 × 10−4 C·m−2·K−1 for BNTF‐0.1 at room temperature (RT). The figures of merit (FoMs) for BNTF‐0.1 component have also been improved at RT, where current figure of merit (Fi) = 1.02 × 10−10 m V−1, voltage figure of merit (Fv) = 3.51 × 10−2 m2 C−1, and detectivity figure of merit (FD) = 1.66 × 10−5 Pa−1/2, which is attributed to its lower dielectric constant (∼330) and dielectric loss (∼0.0131). Between 20°C and 80°C, the values of the FoMs remain stable, with the FD of BNTF‐0.1 varying by only ±6.2%, indicating its superior temperature stability. These results confirm that low‐cost Fe substitution is an available strategy for optimizing the performance of BNT‐based ceramics. BNTF‐x ceramics would be excellent candidates for lead‐free pyroelectric infrared detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Effect of Fe substitution at the B‐site on the pyroelectric properties of bismuth titanate ceramics.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Shuang%22">He, Shuang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Shaobo%22">Guo, Shaobo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> guoshaobo@mail.sic.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cao%2C+Fei%22">Cao, Fei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yao%2C+Chunhua%22">Yao, Chunhua</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Genshui%22">Wang, Genshui</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> genshuiwang@mail.sic.ac.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Applied+Ceramic+Technology%22">International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology</searchLink>. Sep/Oct2025, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pyroelectricity%22">Pyroelectricity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lead-free+ceramics%22">Lead-free ceramics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+stability%22">Thermal stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ferroelectric+ceramics%22">Ferroelectric ceramics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Permittivity%22">Permittivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infrared+detectors%22">Infrared detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ceramic+materials%22">Ceramic materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The effect of the B‐site substitution with the low‐valent Fe ion on the properties of lead‐free bismuth titanate (BNT) ferroelectric ceramics is explored. In this work, a series of ceramics with different Fe substitution concentrations are prepared. The Bi0.5Na0.5Ti0.999Fe0.001O3 (BNTF‐0.1) ceramic has the highest depolarization temperature (Td ≈ 213°C). The dielectric constant and dielectric loss fluctuate slightly with decreasing frequency. The pyroelectric coefficient p appreciably increases from 2.25 × 10−4 C·m−2·K−1 for BNT to 2.88 × 10−4 C·m−2·K−1 for BNTF‐0.1 at room temperature (RT). The figures of merit (FoMs) for BNTF‐0.1 component have also been improved at RT, where current figure of merit (Fi) = 1.02 × 10−10 m V−1, voltage figure of merit (Fv) = 3.51 × 10−2 m2 C−1, and detectivity figure of merit (FD) = 1.66 × 10−5 Pa−1/2, which is attributed to its lower dielectric constant (∼330) and dielectric loss (∼0.0131). Between 20°C and 80°C, the values of the FoMs remain stable, with the FD of BNTF‐0.1 varying by only ±6.2%, indicating its superior temperature stability. These results confirm that low‐cost Fe substitution is an available strategy for optimizing the performance of BNT‐based ceramics. BNTF‐x ceramics would be excellent candidates for lead‐free pyroelectric infrared detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ijac.15174
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Pyroelectricity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lead-free ceramics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ferroelectric ceramics
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      – SubjectFull: Permittivity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Infrared detectors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ceramic materials
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effect of Fe substitution at the B‐site on the pyroelectric properties of bismuth titanate ceramics.
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            NameFull: He, Shuang
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            NameFull: Guo, Shaobo
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            NameFull: Cao, Fei
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            NameFull: Yao, Chunhua
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            NameFull: Wang, Genshui
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep/Oct2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
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