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Research on the Effect of Quasi-β Forging Deformation on the Structure and Properties of TC21 Titanium Alloy.

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Title: Research on the Effect of Quasi-β Forging Deformation on the Structure and Properties of TC21 Titanium Alloy.
Authors: Deng, Rui1 (AUTHOR), Xue, Song1 (AUTHOR) xuesong2004@126.com, He, Qiqi1 (AUTHOR), Xu, Minglong1 (AUTHOR), He, Shaoxiang1 (AUTHOR), Li, Zenong1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ying1 (AUTHOR), Li, Qiankun1 (AUTHOR), Li, Rongchao1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance. Aug2025, Vol. 34 Issue 15, p15970-15979. 10p.
Subjects: Titanium alloys, Forging (Manufacturing process), Materials testing, Impact strength, Microscopy, Mechanical behavior of materials, Microstructure, Tensile tests
Abstract: TC21 titanium alloy is widely used in aerospace field due to its excellent performance. Forging is the main forming process for titanium alloy, which can accurately control microstructure and mechanical properties. Obtaining high-performance TC21 titanium alloy forgings through traditional processes is challenging. This article investigates the effect of quasi-β forging deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC21 titanium alloy. The basic properties of material were analyzed based on thermal compression test. The microstructure was analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were analyzed through tensile test, impact test and fracture toughness test. The microstructure results show that when deformation below 32%, increasing deformation enlarged bundle size but reduced quantity. The orientation distribution of secondary α phase gradually shifts from disordered to ordered. When the deformation exceeds 32%, as deformation further increases, the bundle size decreased but quantity increased and gradually interweaved into a better basketweave structure. When the deformation is 54%, tensile strength and yield strength reached maximum, both around 1000 MPa. And the elongation after fracture of transverse and longitudinal specimens is 14.5 and 13%, the section shrinkage of transverse and longitudinal specimens is 20 and 18%. Indicating that the alloy has the best plasticity at this deformation. When the deformation is 32%, the impact toughness achieves maximum. Its value of transverse and longitudinal specimens is 558 and 546 KJ · m - 2 . As deformation increases, facture toughness generally shows a downward trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 187279159
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Research on the Effect of Quasi-β Forging Deformation on the Structure and Properties of TC21 Titanium Alloy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deng%2C+Rui%22">Deng, Rui</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xue%2C+Song%22">Xue, Song</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xuesong2004@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Qiqi%22">He, Qiqi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Minglong%22">Xu, Minglong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Shaoxiang%22">He, Shaoxiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Zenong%22">Li, Zenong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ying%22">Zhang, Ying</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Qiankun%22">Li, Qiankun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Rongchao%22">Li, Rongchao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Materials+Engineering+%26+Performance%22">Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 34 Issue 15, p15970-15979. 10p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+alloys%22">Titanium alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forging+%28Manufacturing+process%29%22">Forging (Manufacturing process)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Materials+testing%22">Materials testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+strength%22">Impact strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microscopy%22">Microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tensile+tests%22">Tensile tests</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: TC21 titanium alloy is widely used in aerospace field due to its excellent performance. Forging is the main forming process for titanium alloy, which can accurately control microstructure and mechanical properties. Obtaining high-performance TC21 titanium alloy forgings through traditional processes is challenging. This article investigates the effect of quasi-β forging deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC21 titanium alloy. The basic properties of material were analyzed based on thermal compression test. The microstructure was analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties were analyzed through tensile test, impact test and fracture toughness test. The microstructure results show that when deformation below 32%, increasing deformation enlarged bundle size but reduced quantity. The orientation distribution of secondary α phase gradually shifts from disordered to ordered. When the deformation exceeds 32%, as deformation further increases, the bundle size decreased but quantity increased and gradually interweaved into a better basketweave structure. When the deformation is 54%, tensile strength and yield strength reached maximum, both around 1000 MPa. And the elongation after fracture of transverse and longitudinal specimens is 14.5 and 13%, the section shrinkage of transverse and longitudinal specimens is 20 and 18%. Indicating that the alloy has the best plasticity at this deformation. When the deformation is 32%, the impact toughness achieves maximum. Its value of transverse and longitudinal specimens is 558 and 546 KJ · m - 2 . As deformation increases, facture toughness generally shows a downward trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1007/s11665-024-10347-3
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 15970
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Titanium alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forging (Manufacturing process)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Materials testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Impact strength
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
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      – SubjectFull: Tensile tests
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
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              Y: 2025
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