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Advanced Nuclear Reactors—Challenges Related to the Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel.

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Title: Advanced Nuclear Reactors—Challenges Related to the Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel.
Authors: Kiegiel, Katarzyna1 (AUTHOR) k.kiegiel@ichtj.waw.pl, Smoliński, Tomasz1 (AUTHOR), Herdzik-Koniecko, Irena1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Aug2025, Vol. 18 Issue 15, p4080. 23p.
Subjects: Reactor fuel reprocessing, Fuel cycle, Clean energy, Nuclear reactors, Radioactive waste disposal, Nuclear facilities, Radioactive waste management
Abstract: Nuclear energy can help stop climate change by generating large amounts of emission-free electricity. Nuclear reactor designs are continually being developed to be more fuel efficient, safer, easier to construct, and to produce less nuclear waste. The term advanced nuclear reactors refers either to Generation III+ and Generation IV or small modular reactors. Every reactor is associated with the nuclear fuel cycle that must be economically viable and competitive. An important matter is optimization of fissile materials used in reactor and/or reprocessing of spent fuel and reuse. Currently operating reactors use the open cycle or partially closed cycle. Generation IV reactors are intended to play a significant role in reaching a fully closed cycle. At the same time, we can observe the growing interest in development of small modular reactors worldwide. SMRs can adopt either fuel cycle; they can be flexible depending on their design and fuel type. Spent nuclear fuel management should be an integral part of the development of new reactors. The proper management methods of the radioactive waste and spent fuel should be considered at an early stage of construction. The aim of this paper is to highlight the challenges related to reprocessing of new forms of nuclear fuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Advanced Nuclear Reactors—Challenges Related to the Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 18 Issue 15, p4080. 23p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reactor+fuel+reprocessing%22">Reactor fuel reprocessing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fuel+cycle%22">Fuel cycle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clean+energy%22">Clean energy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nuclear+reactors%22">Nuclear reactors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioactive+waste+disposal%22">Radioactive waste disposal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nuclear+facilities%22">Nuclear facilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radioactive+waste+management%22">Radioactive waste management</searchLink>
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  Data: Nuclear energy can help stop climate change by generating large amounts of emission-free electricity. Nuclear reactor designs are continually being developed to be more fuel efficient, safer, easier to construct, and to produce less nuclear waste. The term advanced nuclear reactors refers either to Generation III+ and Generation IV or small modular reactors. Every reactor is associated with the nuclear fuel cycle that must be economically viable and competitive. An important matter is optimization of fissile materials used in reactor and/or reprocessing of spent fuel and reuse. Currently operating reactors use the open cycle or partially closed cycle. Generation IV reactors are intended to play a significant role in reaching a fully closed cycle. At the same time, we can observe the growing interest in development of small modular reactors worldwide. SMRs can adopt either fuel cycle; they can be flexible depending on their design and fuel type. Spent nuclear fuel management should be an integral part of the development of new reactors. The proper management methods of the radioactive waste and spent fuel should be considered at an early stage of construction. The aim of this paper is to highlight the challenges related to reprocessing of new forms of nuclear fuel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/en18154080
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fuel cycle
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      – SubjectFull: Clean energy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nuclear reactors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radioactive waste disposal
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      – SubjectFull: Nuclear facilities
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      – SubjectFull: Radioactive waste management
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      – TitleFull: Advanced Nuclear Reactors—Challenges Related to the Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel.
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            NameFull: Smoliński, Tomasz
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
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