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Chemical speciation of iodine evaporated from liquid lead–bismuth eutectic investigated by thermosublimatography.

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Title: Chemical speciation of iodine evaporated from liquid lead–bismuth eutectic investigated by thermosublimatography.
Authors: Liu, Lu1,2 (AUTHOR) lu.liu@iphc.cnrs.fr, Zobnin, Vladislav1,3 (AUTHOR), Zivadinovic, Ivan1,4 (AUTHOR), Eichler, Robert1,3 (AUTHOR), Vögele, Alexander1 (AUTHOR), Herrmann, Dominik1 (AUTHOR), Aerts, Alexander5 (AUTHOR), Steinegger, Patrick1,4 (AUTHOR), Neuhausen, Jörg1 (AUTHOR) joerg.neuhausen@psi.ch
Source: Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry. Jul2025, Vol. 334 Issue 7, p5201-5216. 16p.
Subjects: Chemical speciation, Iodine, Chemical reactions, Thermochemistry, Nuclear energy safety measures, Lead iodide, Lead-bismuth alloys
Abstract: This study investigates the evaporation and deposition of iodine from lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) systems with iodine mole fractions of 10–5 to 10–3, crucial for the safety of LBE-cooled nuclear reactors. Combining thermosublimatography, morphological analysis and thermodynamic calculations, it identifies PbI2 and BiI3 as the two primarily deposited species, while revealing BiI disproportionation. This work provides novel insights into iodine speciation, emphasizing its importance for the safety of LBE-cooled reactors and gives input for advancing experimental setups and modeling approaches for complex nuclear systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Chemical speciation of iodine evaporated from liquid lead–bismuth eutectic investigated by thermosublimatography.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Lu%22">Liu, Lu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lu.liu@iphc.cnrs.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zobnin%2C+Vladislav%22">Zobnin, Vladislav</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zivadinovic%2C+Ivan%22">Zivadinovic, Ivan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eichler%2C+Robert%22">Eichler, Robert</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vögele%2C+Alexander%22">Vögele, Alexander</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Herrmann%2C+Dominik%22">Herrmann, Dominik</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aerts%2C+Alexander%22">Aerts, Alexander</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Steinegger%2C+Patrick%22">Steinegger, Patrick</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Neuhausen%2C+Jörg%22">Neuhausen, Jörg</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> joerg.neuhausen@psi.ch</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Radioanalytical+%26+Nuclear+Chemistry%22">Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry</searchLink>. Jul2025, Vol. 334 Issue 7, p5201-5216. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+speciation%22">Chemical speciation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iodine%22">Iodine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+reactions%22">Chemical reactions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermochemistry%22">Thermochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nuclear+energy+safety+measures%22">Nuclear energy safety measures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lead+iodide%22">Lead iodide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lead-bismuth+alloys%22">Lead-bismuth alloys</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This study investigates the evaporation and deposition of iodine from lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) systems with iodine mole fractions of 10–5 to 10–3, crucial for the safety of LBE-cooled nuclear reactors. Combining thermosublimatography, morphological analysis and thermodynamic calculations, it identifies PbI2 and BiI3 as the two primarily deposited species, while revealing BiI disproportionation. This work provides novel insights into iodine speciation, emphasizing its importance for the safety of LBE-cooled reactors and gives input for advancing experimental setups and modeling approaches for complex nuclear systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10967-025-10246-4
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Chemical speciation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iodine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical reactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermochemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nuclear energy safety measures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lead iodide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lead-bismuth alloys
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Chemical speciation of iodine evaporated from liquid lead–bismuth eutectic investigated by thermosublimatography.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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