Incidence of pregnant endangered devil rays (Elasmobranchii: Mobulidae) from the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, southeast coast of India.

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Title: Incidence of pregnant endangered devil rays (Elasmobranchii: Mobulidae) from the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, southeast coast of India.
Authors: Remya, L.1 lremya9@gmail.com, Thomas, Sujitha2, Muktha, M.3, Kizhakudan, Shoba Joe1
Source: Current Science (00113891). 8/25/2025, Vol. 129 Issue 4, p362-369. 8p.
Subjects: Mobulidae, Mating grounds, Endangered species, Anthropogenic effects on nature, Life history theory
Geographic Terms: Gulf of Mannar, India
Abstract: Out of the nine valid extant mobulid species confirmed globally, seven have been reported in India. All mobulids are vulnerable due to anthropogenic pressure, i.e. commercial fisheries, for their gill plates, which are traded on the international market. Information on their reproductive biology including, the seasons of mating, pupping, and nursery grounds are still largely unknown from Indian waters. The present study reports the occurrence of pregnant endangered devil rays, longhorned pygmy devil ray Mobula eregoodoo, oceanic manta ray Mobula birostris and Bentfin devil ray Mobula thurstoni in Indian waters, off the southeast coast. All three species were observed to have a single pup each. Our observations of mobulid catch from 2020 to 2022 indicates a predictable occurrence of pregnant devil rays either for feeding or for pupping (July to November), with a peak during November in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. The size-atbirth was in the order of 33.3 cm disc width (DW), 125.8 cm DW and 40.5-60.5 cm DW for M. eregoodoo, M. birostris and M. thurstoni respectively. Mobula thurstoni chiefly consumed needle squid and Acetes spp., while the gut contents of the other two species were completely digested. The observations on M. thurstoni suggests a pupping/nursery/feeding ground off the Gulf of Mannar, probably assist to develop area-based management interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Current Science (00113891) is the property of Indian Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Incidence of pregnant endangered devil rays (Elasmobranchii: Mobulidae) from the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, southeast coast of India.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Remya%2C+L%2E%22">Remya, L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> lremya9@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas%2C+Sujitha%22">Thomas, Sujitha</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muktha%2C+M%2E%22">Muktha, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kizhakudan%2C+Shoba+Joe%22">Kizhakudan, Shoba Joe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Current+Science+%2800113891%29%22">Current Science (00113891)</searchLink>. 8/25/2025, Vol. 129 Issue 4, p362-369. 8p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobulidae%22">Mobulidae</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mating+grounds%22">Mating grounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Endangered+species%22">Endangered species</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anthropogenic+effects+on+nature%22">Anthropogenic effects on nature</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Life+history+theory%22">Life history theory</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gulf+of+Mannar%22">Gulf of Mannar</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22India%22">India</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Out of the nine valid extant mobulid species confirmed globally, seven have been reported in India. All mobulids are vulnerable due to anthropogenic pressure, i.e. commercial fisheries, for their gill plates, which are traded on the international market. Information on their reproductive biology including, the seasons of mating, pupping, and nursery grounds are still largely unknown from Indian waters. The present study reports the occurrence of pregnant endangered devil rays, longhorned pygmy devil ray Mobula eregoodoo, oceanic manta ray Mobula birostris and Bentfin devil ray Mobula thurstoni in Indian waters, off the southeast coast. All three species were observed to have a single pup each. Our observations of mobulid catch from 2020 to 2022 indicates a predictable occurrence of pregnant devil rays either for feeding or for pupping (July to November), with a peak during November in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. The size-atbirth was in the order of 33.3 cm disc width (DW), 125.8 cm DW and 40.5-60.5 cm DW for M. eregoodoo, M. birostris and M. thurstoni respectively. Mobula thurstoni chiefly consumed needle squid and Acetes spp., while the gut contents of the other two species were completely digested. The observations on M. thurstoni suggests a pupping/nursery/feeding ground off the Gulf of Mannar, probably assist to develop area-based management interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Current Science (00113891) is the property of Indian Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.18520/cs/v129/i4/362-369
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 362
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Mobulidae
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mating grounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Endangered species
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anthropogenic effects on nature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Life history theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gulf of Mannar
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: India
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Incidence of pregnant endangered devil rays (Elasmobranchii: Mobulidae) from the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, southeast coast of India.
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            NameFull: Remya, L.
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            NameFull: Thomas, Sujitha
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            NameFull: Muktha, M.
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            NameFull: Kizhakudan, Shoba Joe
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              M: 08
              Text: 8/25/2025
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              Y: 2025
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