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Comparative corrosion behaviour of different alloys for nitric acid service in reprocessing plants.

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Title: Comparative corrosion behaviour of different alloys for nitric acid service in reprocessing plants.
Authors: Chandra, K.1 (AUTHOR) kchandra@barc.gov.in, Das, Sanket2 (AUTHOR), Mahanti Ghosal, Amrita1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology. Sep2025, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p474-487. 14p.
Subjects: Reactor fuel reprocessing, Austenitic stainless steel, Alloy testing, Nitric acid, Acid solutions, Gas condensate reservoirs
Abstract: In nuclear spent fuel reprocessing plants in India, austenitic stainless steel (SS) 304L serves as the structural material for critical components that handle boiling nitric acid. SS 304L is prone to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in the transpassive region of the polarisation curve. As a result, there is a need to replace SS 304L with corrosion-resistant alloys of Ti or Zr. In this regard, the corrosion behaviour of two candidate alloys, Ti–Al–Zr and Zircaloy-4, was assessed and compared with SS 304L. The corrosion evaluation was performed using electrochemical tests, corrosion immersion tests in three different phases (liquid, vapour and condensate) of nitric acid, and metallographic examination. Both Ti–Al–Zr and Zircaloy-4 exhibited a broad passivity range of up to 3 VAg/AgCl in various nitric acid solutions. Based on these investigations, it was concluded that both Ti–Al–Zr and Zircaloy-4 are suitable for use in critical components handling boiling nitric acid with a high concentration of strongly oxidising ions. The corrosion resistance of the three alloys tested was ranked as: Zircaloy-4 > Ti–Al–Zr > SS 304L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Corrosion+Engineering%2C+Science+%26+Technology%22">Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology</searchLink>. Sep2025, Vol. 60 Issue 6, p474-487. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reactor+fuel+reprocessing%22">Reactor fuel reprocessing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Austenitic+stainless+steel%22">Austenitic stainless steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alloy+testing%22">Alloy testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitric+acid%22">Nitric acid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acid+solutions%22">Acid solutions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gas+condensate+reservoirs%22">Gas condensate reservoirs</searchLink>
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  Data: In nuclear spent fuel reprocessing plants in India, austenitic stainless steel (SS) 304L serves as the structural material for critical components that handle boiling nitric acid. SS 304L is prone to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in the transpassive region of the polarisation curve. As a result, there is a need to replace SS 304L with corrosion-resistant alloys of Ti or Zr. In this regard, the corrosion behaviour of two candidate alloys, Ti–Al–Zr and Zircaloy-4, was assessed and compared with SS 304L. The corrosion evaluation was performed using electrochemical tests, corrosion immersion tests in three different phases (liquid, vapour and condensate) of nitric acid, and metallographic examination. Both Ti–Al–Zr and Zircaloy-4 exhibited a broad passivity range of up to 3 VAg/AgCl in various nitric acid solutions. Based on these investigations, it was concluded that both Ti–Al–Zr and Zircaloy-4 are suitable for use in critical components handling boiling nitric acid with a high concentration of strongly oxidising ions. The corrosion resistance of the three alloys tested was ranked as: Zircaloy-4 > Ti–Al–Zr > SS 304L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Corrosion Engineering, Science & Technology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/1478422X241306374
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 474
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      – SubjectFull: Reactor fuel reprocessing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Austenitic stainless steel
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alloy testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitric acid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acid solutions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gas condensate reservoirs
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Comparative corrosion behaviour of different alloys for nitric acid service in reprocessing plants.
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            NameFull: Chandra, K.
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            NameFull: Das, Sanket
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            NameFull: Mahanti Ghosal, Amrita
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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