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On the Vertical Angular Momentum of the Loop Current.

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Title: On the Vertical Angular Momentum of the Loop Current.
Authors: Lugo-Fernández, Alexis1 (AUTHOR) alfrecife656@gmail.com
Source: Journal of Physical Oceanography. Sep2025, Vol. 55 Issue 9, p1309-1319. 11p.
Subjects: Angular momentum (Mechanics), Loop Current, Sea level, Forecasting methodology, Coriolis force, Ocean currents, Gulf Stream
Geographic Terms: Gulf of Mexico
Abstract: The concept of angular momentum is employed to examine the northward intrusion of an idealized Loop Current (LC) for the first time. The analysis reveals that the LC intrudes in dynamical equilibrium as forces and torques along the vertical are in balance. The Coriolis forces associated with the northward and southward flows of the LC has a net eastward force. The eastward force pushes water against the Florida Escarpment, piling water along it and creating a sea level difference across the LC. The Florida Escarpment topography, in turn, pushes the LC westward, keeping it nearly stationary, and the sea level change balances the net Coriolis force of the fluid particles. Because forces acting on the idealized LC are in balance, the LC's angular momentum per unit mass is constant and equals dAL/dt (=k), where AL is the surface area of the LC. The constancy of the angular momentum explains why dA/dt is indeed constant during the intrusion. The need to conserved angular momentum results in a meridional movement of mass or the LC intrusion. Angular momentum considerations allow predicting the northward intrusion distance (b) of the LC into the Gulf of Mexico as b =   3 k T / π , where k = 225 km2 day−1 and T (days) is the shedding period. On the basis of these results, a forecasting algorithm for the LC is proposed and tested using observations of the retreat latitude of the LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: On the Vertical Angular Momentum of the Loop Current.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lugo-Fernández%2C+Alexis%22">Lugo-Fernández, Alexis</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> alfrecife656@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography%22">Journal of Physical Oceanography</searchLink>. Sep2025, Vol. 55 Issue 9, p1309-1319. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Angular+momentum+%28Mechanics%29%22">Angular momentum (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Loop+Current%22">Loop Current</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sea+level%22">Sea level</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forecasting+methodology%22">Forecasting methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coriolis+force%22">Coriolis force</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ocean+currents%22">Ocean currents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gulf+Stream%22">Gulf Stream</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gulf+of+Mexico%22">Gulf of Mexico</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The concept of angular momentum is employed to examine the northward intrusion of an idealized Loop Current (LC) for the first time. The analysis reveals that the LC intrudes in dynamical equilibrium as forces and torques along the vertical are in balance. The Coriolis forces associated with the northward and southward flows of the LC has a net eastward force. The eastward force pushes water against the Florida Escarpment, piling water along it and creating a sea level difference across the LC. The Florida Escarpment topography, in turn, pushes the LC westward, keeping it nearly stationary, and the sea level change balances the net Coriolis force of the fluid particles. Because forces acting on the idealized LC are in balance, the LC's angular momentum per unit mass is constant and equals dAL/dt (=k), where AL is the surface area of the LC. The constancy of the angular momentum explains why dA/dt is indeed constant during the intrusion. The need to conserved angular momentum results in a meridional movement of mass or the LC intrusion. Angular momentum considerations allow predicting the northward intrusion distance (b) of the LC into the Gulf of Mexico as b =   3 k T / π , where k = 225 km2 day−1 and T (days) is the shedding period. On the basis of these results, a forecasting algorithm for the LC is proposed and tested using observations of the retreat latitude of the LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1175/JPO-D-24-0200.1
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 1309
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Angular momentum (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Loop Current
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sea level
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Forecasting methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Coriolis force
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ocean currents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gulf Stream
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gulf of Mexico
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      – TitleFull: On the Vertical Angular Momentum of the Loop Current.
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            NameFull: Lugo-Fernández, Alexis
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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