Clinical significance of cytoplasmic discrete dots (AC-18) patterns in HEp-2 cell indirect Immunofluorescence: insights from a Taiwanese multicenter study.
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| Title: | Clinical significance of cytoplasmic discrete dots (AC-18) patterns in HEp-2 cell indirect Immunofluorescence: insights from a Taiwanese multicenter study. |
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| Authors: | Hsiao, Chao-Yang1,2 (AUTHOR), Su, Li-Jen2 (AUTHOR), Yu, Kuang-Hui1 (AUTHOR), Chan, Tien-Ming1 (AUTHOR) joymingo@gmail.com |
| Source: | Clinica Chimica Acta. Jan2026, Vol. 578, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. |
| Subjects: | Autoimmune diseases, Sjogren's syndrome, Immunofluorescence, Taiwanese people, Epithelial cells, Epidemiology of cancer, Antinuclear factors |
| Geographic Terms: | Taiwan |
| Abstract: | • This study reveals the prevalence and clinical relevance of the AC-18 pattern in Asians. • The AC-18 pattern is found across various autoimmune diseases and cancers. • Sjögren disease is the most common autoimmune disease in AC-18 positive cases. • Cancer is more frequently observed in AC-18 positive than ANA-negative individuals. The clinical significance of autoantibodies with the cytoplasmic discrete dots pattern in HEp-2 cell indirect immunofluorescence assay (HEp-2 IFA), now classified as the anti-cell 18 (AC-18) pattern by International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies Patterns (ICAP), varies across cohorts, and remained underexplored. We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients who underwent antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing via HEp-2 IFA at the Chang Gung Memorial Health System in Taiwan between January 2019 and September 2021. Among 7429 ANA-positive cases, 77 exhibited the AC-18 pattern and underwent chart review. A propensity score (PS) matching analysis was subsequently conducted, in which 53 patients exhibiting an isolated AC-18 pattern were matched to 265 control subjects, selected from a pool of 31,143 ANA-negative individuals at a 1:5 ratio. Matching was based on age, sex, and comorbidities. Among the 77 patients positive for AC-18 pattern, 14.3% had Sjögren disease (SjD), 11.7% had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 5.2% had idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), and 3.9% had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Specifically, 29.9% had various types of cancer. In PS matching model, the prevalence of SjD, IIM and cancer was significantly higher in patients with the AC-18 pattern compared to the control group, with odds ratios (OR) of 16.8 (95% CI 3.3, 85.7), 7.9 (95% CI 1.3, 48.4), and 4.8 (95% CI 2.3, 10.3), respectively. Individuals with a positive ANA test showing the AC-18 pattern have a notably higher prevalence of cancer and autoimmune diseases compared to those with negative ANA results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Clinica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 187941931 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Clinical significance of cytoplasmic discrete dots (AC-18) patterns in HEp-2 cell indirect Immunofluorescence: insights from a Taiwanese multicenter study. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hsiao%2C+Chao-Yang%22">Hsiao, Chao-Yang</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su%2C+Li-Jen%22">Su, Li-Jen</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Kuang-Hui%22">Yu, Kuang-Hui</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chan%2C+Tien-Ming%22">Chan, Tien-Ming</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> joymingo@gmail.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Clinica+Chimica+Acta%22">Clinica Chimica Acta</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 578, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Autoimmune+diseases%22">Autoimmune diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sjogren's+syndrome%22">Sjogren's syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immunofluorescence%22">Immunofluorescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Taiwanese+people%22">Taiwanese people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epithelial+cells%22">Epithelial cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epidemiology+of+cancer%22">Epidemiology of cancer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antinuclear+factors%22">Antinuclear factors</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Taiwan%22">Taiwan</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: • This study reveals the prevalence and clinical relevance of the AC-18 pattern in Asians. • The AC-18 pattern is found across various autoimmune diseases and cancers. • Sjögren disease is the most common autoimmune disease in AC-18 positive cases. • Cancer is more frequently observed in AC-18 positive than ANA-negative individuals. The clinical significance of autoantibodies with the cytoplasmic discrete dots pattern in HEp-2 cell indirect immunofluorescence assay (HEp-2 IFA), now classified as the anti-cell 18 (AC-18) pattern by International Consensus on Antinuclear Antibodies Patterns (ICAP), varies across cohorts, and remained underexplored. We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients who underwent antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing via HEp-2 IFA at the Chang Gung Memorial Health System in Taiwan between January 2019 and September 2021. Among 7429 ANA-positive cases, 77 exhibited the AC-18 pattern and underwent chart review. A propensity score (PS) matching analysis was subsequently conducted, in which 53 patients exhibiting an isolated AC-18 pattern were matched to 265 control subjects, selected from a pool of 31,143 ANA-negative individuals at a 1:5 ratio. Matching was based on age, sex, and comorbidities. Among the 77 patients positive for AC-18 pattern, 14.3% had Sjögren disease (SjD), 11.7% had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 5.2% had idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), and 3.9% had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Specifically, 29.9% had various types of cancer. In PS matching model, the prevalence of SjD, IIM and cancer was significantly higher in patients with the AC-18 pattern compared to the control group, with odds ratios (OR) of 16.8 (95% CI 3.3, 85.7), 7.9 (95% CI 1.3, 48.4), and 4.8 (95% CI 2.3, 10.3), respectively. Individuals with a positive ANA test showing the AC-18 pattern have a notably higher prevalence of cancer and autoimmune diseases compared to those with negative ANA results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Clinica Chimica Acta is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.cca.2025.120521 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 1 StartPage: N.PAG Subjects: – SubjectFull: Autoimmune diseases Type: general – SubjectFull: Sjogren's syndrome Type: general – SubjectFull: Immunofluorescence Type: general – SubjectFull: Taiwanese people Type: general – SubjectFull: Epithelial cells Type: general – SubjectFull: Epidemiology of cancer Type: general – SubjectFull: Antinuclear factors Type: general – SubjectFull: Taiwan Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Clinical significance of cytoplasmic discrete dots (AC-18) patterns in HEp-2 cell indirect Immunofluorescence: insights from a Taiwanese multicenter study. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hsiao, Chao-Yang – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Su, Li-Jen – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yu, Kuang-Hui – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chan, Tien-Ming IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Text: Jan2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00098981 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 578 Titles: – TitleFull: Clinica Chimica Acta Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
