One-Step Synthesis of Ultra-Small RhNPs in the Microreactor System and Their Deposition on ACF for Catalytic Conversion of 4–Nitrophenol to 4–Aminophenol.

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Title: One-Step Synthesis of Ultra-Small RhNPs in the Microreactor System and Their Deposition on ACF for Catalytic Conversion of 4–Nitrophenol to 4–Aminophenol.
Authors: Pach, Adrianna1 (AUTHOR), Wojtaszek, Konrad1 (AUTHOR), Elhadad, Ahmed Ibrahim1 (AUTHOR), Michałek, Tomasz1 (AUTHOR), Kula, Anna1 (AUTHOR), Luty-Błocho, Magdalena1 (AUTHOR) mlb@agh.edu.pl
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Sep2025, Vol. 15 Issue 17, p1375. 16p.
Subjects: Metal nanoparticles, Catalytic activity, Aminophenols, Platinum group, Carbon fibers, Nitrophenols, Solvents, Microreactors
Abstract: The rising demand for platinum-group metals, driven by their essential applications in catalysis, energy storage, and chemical conversion, underscores the need to identify new sources for their recovery. Waste solutions originating from industrial processes offer a promising alternative source of noble metals. However, due to their typically low concentrations, effective recovery requires a highly targeted approach. In this study, we present a synthetic waste solution containing trace amount of Rh(III) ions as both a medium for metal ion recovery and a direct precursor for catalyst synthesis. Using a bimodal water–ethanol solvent system, ultra-small rhodium nanoparticles were synthesized and subsequently immobilized onto activated carbon fibers (ACFs) within a microreactor system. The resulting Rh@ACF catalyst demonstrated high efficiency in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP), serving as a model catalytic reaction. The Rh@ACF catalyst, containing 4.24 µg Rh per milligram of sample, exhibited notable catalytic activity, achieving 75% conversion of 4-NP to 4-AP within 1 h. Full conversion to 4-AP was also reached within 5 min, but requires extra NaBH4 addition to the catalytic mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: One-Step Synthesis of Ultra-Small RhNPs in the Microreactor System and Their Deposition on ACF for Catalytic Conversion of 4–Nitrophenol to 4–Aminophenol.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Sep2025, Vol. 15 Issue 17, p1375. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metal+nanoparticles%22">Metal nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalytic+activity%22">Catalytic activity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Aminophenols%22">Aminophenols</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Platinum+group%22">Platinum group</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+fibers%22">Carbon fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nitrophenols%22">Nitrophenols</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solvents%22">Solvents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microreactors%22">Microreactors</searchLink>
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  Data: The rising demand for platinum-group metals, driven by their essential applications in catalysis, energy storage, and chemical conversion, underscores the need to identify new sources for their recovery. Waste solutions originating from industrial processes offer a promising alternative source of noble metals. However, due to their typically low concentrations, effective recovery requires a highly targeted approach. In this study, we present a synthetic waste solution containing trace amount of Rh(III) ions as both a medium for metal ion recovery and a direct precursor for catalyst synthesis. Using a bimodal water–ethanol solvent system, ultra-small rhodium nanoparticles were synthesized and subsequently immobilized onto activated carbon fibers (ACFs) within a microreactor system. The resulting Rh@ACF catalyst demonstrated high efficiency in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP), serving as a model catalytic reaction. The Rh@ACF catalyst, containing 4.24 µg Rh per milligram of sample, exhibited notable catalytic activity, achieving 75% conversion of 4-NP to 4-AP within 1 h. Full conversion to 4-AP was also reached within 5 min, but requires extra NaBH4 addition to the catalytic mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/nano15171375
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1375
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Metal nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalytic activity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aminophenols
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Platinum group
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon fibers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nitrophenols
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solvents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microreactors
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: One-Step Synthesis of Ultra-Small RhNPs in the Microreactor System and Their Deposition on ACF for Catalytic Conversion of 4–Nitrophenol to 4–Aminophenol.
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            NameFull: Pach, Adrianna
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            NameFull: Wojtaszek, Konrad
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            NameFull: Elhadad, Ahmed Ibrahim
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 15
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