View in EDS HTML Full Text PDF Full Text

Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration.

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Title: Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration.
Authors: Li, Dan1 (AUTHOR), Zuo, Yuxiang1 (AUTHOR), Hu, Shiyang1 (AUTHOR) husy_arcturus@163.com, Deng, Chen2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Yu3 (AUTHOR), Cao, Wenfu4 (AUTHOR)
Source: European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields. Aug2025, Vol. 85 Issue 8, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Black holes, Ray tracing algorithms, Photon scattering, Fractals, Gravitational lenses, Static equilibrium (Physics)
Abstract: In this paper, we employ a ray-tracing algorithm to simulate the shadows of three equal-mass black holes in static equilibrium across a wide parameter space. We find that the shadows consist of a larger primary shadow and several distorted, eyebrow-like secondary shadows. The boundaries of these profiles exhibit self-similar fractal structures, which can be attributed to the photon chaotic scattering. In certain parameter spaces, we also observe the ring-like shadows, with the ring diameter associated with the spacing of black holes. Furthermore, when the black holes approach each other sufficiently, their shadows can merge into a standard disk, suggesting a shadow degeneracy between closely arranged triple black holes and a single massive, spherically symmetric black hole. The shadow features of the triple black holes revealed in this study have potential implications for analyzing the shadow formation mechanisms, as well as the gravitational lensing during the merger and inspiral of black holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
Full text is not displayed to guests.
FullText Links:
  – Type: pdflink
Text:
  Availability: 1
Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 187993681
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Dan%22">Li, Dan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zuo%2C+Yuxiang%22">Zuo, Yuxiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Shiyang%22">Hu, Shiyang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> husy_arcturus@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deng%2C+Chen%22">Deng, Chen</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yu%22">Wang, Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cao%2C+Wenfu%22">Cao, Wenfu</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Physical+Journal+C+--+Particles+%26+Fields%22">European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 85 Issue 8, p1-14. 14p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Black+holes%22">Black holes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ray+tracing+algorithms%22">Ray tracing algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photon+scattering%22">Photon scattering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fractals%22">Fractals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gravitational+lenses%22">Gravitational lenses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Static+equilibrium+%28Physics%29%22">Static equilibrium (Physics)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this paper, we employ a ray-tracing algorithm to simulate the shadows of three equal-mass black holes in static equilibrium across a wide parameter space. We find that the shadows consist of a larger primary shadow and several distorted, eyebrow-like secondary shadows. The boundaries of these profiles exhibit self-similar fractal structures, which can be attributed to the photon chaotic scattering. In certain parameter spaces, we also observe the ring-like shadows, with the ring diameter associated with the spacing of black holes. Furthermore, when the black holes approach each other sufficiently, their shadows can merge into a standard disk, suggesting a shadow degeneracy between closely arranged triple black holes and a single massive, spherically symmetric black hole. The shadow features of the triple black holes revealed in this study have potential implications for analyzing the shadow formation mechanisms, as well as the gravitational lensing during the merger and inspiral of black holes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=187993681
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14654-4
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Black holes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ray tracing algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photon scattering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fractals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gravitational lenses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Static equilibrium (Physics)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Shadows of three black holes in static equilibrium configuration.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Dan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zuo, Yuxiang
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hu, Shiyang
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Deng, Chen
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang, Yu
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Cao, Wenfu
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 14346044
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 85
            – Type: issue
              Value: 8
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields
              Type: main
ResultId 1