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Inserting sodium lignosulfonate into multilayer graphene in boosting the interfacial polarization of triboelectric nanogenerators for monitoring the impact state of fruits.

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Title: Inserting sodium lignosulfonate into multilayer graphene in boosting the interfacial polarization of triboelectric nanogenerators for monitoring the impact state of fruits.
Authors: Chen, Meiyi1 (AUTHOR), Li, Xin1 (AUTHOR), Bao, Tianshuang1 (AUTHOR), Cai, Cheng2 (AUTHOR), Tao, Yehan1 (AUTHOR), Lu, Jie1 (AUTHOR), Fu, Chenglong1 (AUTHOR), Hu, Jinwen1 (AUTHOR), Xie, Jun1,2 (AUTHOR) xiejun@scau.edu.cn, Xia, Xiaodong3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Xuejiao4 (AUTHOR), Du, Jian1,5 (AUTHOR) dujian01@dlpu.edu.cn, Wang, Haisong1 (AUTHOR) wanghs@dlpu.edu.cn
Source: Chemical Engineering Journal. Oct2025, Vol. 522, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Nanogenerators, Van der Waals forces, Interface dynamics, Triboelectricity, Vibration (Mechanics)
Abstract: Graphene has emerged as a promising nanofiller for enhancing charge density in natural polysaccharide-based triboelectric materials. However, the practical implementation is constrained by the interlayer aggregation induced by van der Waals forces, which significantly impede interfacial polarization. Herein, lignin-intercalated multilayer graphene has been strategically employed as a functional nanofiller in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based triboelectric materials, demonstrating enhanced interfacial polarization dynamics through effective suppression of van der Waals-driven interlayer aggregation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm a stronger binding affinity of sodium lignosulfonate (LS) to multilayer graphene (MG, E bind = −3.478 eV) than interlayer graphene-graphene interactions (E bind = −0.025 eV), driving spontaneous intercalation that disrupts π-π stacking. This nanoscale dispersion amplifying interfacial polarization at the MG/CMC heterointerface, thereby boosting the storage of triboelectric charge. Correspondingly, the dielectric constant was increased from 0.45 for CMC to 4.25 for carboxymethylcellulose/sodium lignosulfonate/multilayer graphene (CLM). The optimized CLM-triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) delivered the triboelectric charge density of 5.8 nC cm−2, a 205 % increase over pristine CMC-TENG (1.9 nC cm−2). Upon performing over 40,000 cycles at 1 Hz, the CLM-TENG delivered stable output signals. Additionally, the flexible CLM-TENG harvests mechanical vibrations during fruit transportation, converting them into real-time electrical signals to alert drivers of excessive vibrations, reducing mechanical damage of fruits. Aligned with green recycling, the material retains functionality after six dissolution-regeneration cycles, ensuring reusability. [Display omitted] • Sodium lignosulfonate (LS) was intercalated into multilayer graphene (MG). • The binding energy of LS/MG is larger than that of MG/MG. • The dielectric constant of CMC film by 8 times after introducing SL/MG. • Compared to the CMC film, the V OC of the optimized CLM sample was increased 350 %. • The optimized device can be applied to monitor fruit collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Graphene has emerged as a promising nanofiller for enhancing charge density in natural polysaccharide-based triboelectric materials. However, the practical implementation is constrained by the interlayer aggregation induced by van der Waals forces, which significantly impede interfacial polarization. Herein, lignin-intercalated multilayer graphene has been strategically employed as a functional nanofiller in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based triboelectric materials, demonstrating enhanced interfacial polarization dynamics through effective suppression of van der Waals-driven interlayer aggregation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm a stronger binding affinity of sodium lignosulfonate (LS) to multilayer graphene (MG, E bind = −3.478 eV) than interlayer graphene-graphene interactions (E bind = −0.025 eV), driving spontaneous intercalation that disrupts π-π stacking. This nanoscale dispersion amplifying interfacial polarization at the MG/CMC heterointerface, thereby boosting the storage of triboelectric charge. Correspondingly, the dielectric constant was increased from 0.45 for CMC to 4.25 for carboxymethylcellulose/sodium lignosulfonate/multilayer graphene (CLM). The optimized CLM-triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) delivered the triboelectric charge density of 5.8 nC cm−2, a 205 % increase over pristine CMC-TENG (1.9 nC cm−2). Upon performing over 40,000 cycles at 1 Hz, the CLM-TENG delivered stable output signals. Additionally, the flexible CLM-TENG harvests mechanical vibrations during fruit transportation, converting them into real-time electrical signals to alert drivers of excessive vibrations, reducing mechanical damage of fruits. Aligned with green recycling, the material retains functionality after six dissolution-regeneration cycles, ensuring reusability. [Display omitted] • Sodium lignosulfonate (LS) was intercalated into multilayer graphene (MG). • The binding energy of LS/MG is larger than that of MG/MG. • The dielectric constant of CMC film by 8 times after introducing SL/MG. • Compared to the CMC film, the V OC of the optimized CLM sample was increased 350 %. • The optimized device can be applied to monitor fruit collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:13858947
DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2025.168266