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Inserting sodium lignosulfonate into multilayer graphene in boosting the interfacial polarization of triboelectric nanogenerators for monitoring the impact state of fruits.

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Title: Inserting sodium lignosulfonate into multilayer graphene in boosting the interfacial polarization of triboelectric nanogenerators for monitoring the impact state of fruits.
Authors: Chen, Meiyi1 (AUTHOR), Li, Xin1 (AUTHOR), Bao, Tianshuang1 (AUTHOR), Cai, Cheng2 (AUTHOR), Tao, Yehan1 (AUTHOR), Lu, Jie1 (AUTHOR), Fu, Chenglong1 (AUTHOR), Hu, Jinwen1 (AUTHOR), Xie, Jun1,2 (AUTHOR) xiejun@scau.edu.cn, Xia, Xiaodong3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Xuejiao4 (AUTHOR), Du, Jian1,5 (AUTHOR) dujian01@dlpu.edu.cn, Wang, Haisong1 (AUTHOR) wanghs@dlpu.edu.cn
Source: Chemical Engineering Journal. Oct2025, Vol. 522, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Nanogenerators, Van der Waals forces, Interface dynamics, Triboelectricity, Vibration (Mechanics)
Abstract: Graphene has emerged as a promising nanofiller for enhancing charge density in natural polysaccharide-based triboelectric materials. However, the practical implementation is constrained by the interlayer aggregation induced by van der Waals forces, which significantly impede interfacial polarization. Herein, lignin-intercalated multilayer graphene has been strategically employed as a functional nanofiller in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based triboelectric materials, demonstrating enhanced interfacial polarization dynamics through effective suppression of van der Waals-driven interlayer aggregation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm a stronger binding affinity of sodium lignosulfonate (LS) to multilayer graphene (MG, E bind = −3.478 eV) than interlayer graphene-graphene interactions (E bind = −0.025 eV), driving spontaneous intercalation that disrupts π-π stacking. This nanoscale dispersion amplifying interfacial polarization at the MG/CMC heterointerface, thereby boosting the storage of triboelectric charge. Correspondingly, the dielectric constant was increased from 0.45 for CMC to 4.25 for carboxymethylcellulose/sodium lignosulfonate/multilayer graphene (CLM). The optimized CLM-triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) delivered the triboelectric charge density of 5.8 nC cm−2, a 205 % increase over pristine CMC-TENG (1.9 nC cm−2). Upon performing over 40,000 cycles at 1 Hz, the CLM-TENG delivered stable output signals. Additionally, the flexible CLM-TENG harvests mechanical vibrations during fruit transportation, converting them into real-time electrical signals to alert drivers of excessive vibrations, reducing mechanical damage of fruits. Aligned with green recycling, the material retains functionality after six dissolution-regeneration cycles, ensuring reusability. [Display omitted] • Sodium lignosulfonate (LS) was intercalated into multilayer graphene (MG). • The binding energy of LS/MG is larger than that of MG/MG. • The dielectric constant of CMC film by 8 times after introducing SL/MG. • Compared to the CMC film, the V OC of the optimized CLM sample was increased 350 %. • The optimized device can be applied to monitor fruit collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 188087814
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  Data: Inserting sodium lignosulfonate into multilayer graphene in boosting the interfacial polarization of triboelectric nanogenerators for monitoring the impact state of fruits.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Chemical+Engineering+Journal%22">Chemical Engineering Journal</searchLink>. Oct2025, Vol. 522, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: Graphene has emerged as a promising nanofiller for enhancing charge density in natural polysaccharide-based triboelectric materials. However, the practical implementation is constrained by the interlayer aggregation induced by van der Waals forces, which significantly impede interfacial polarization. Herein, lignin-intercalated multilayer graphene has been strategically employed as a functional nanofiller in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based triboelectric materials, demonstrating enhanced interfacial polarization dynamics through effective suppression of van der Waals-driven interlayer aggregation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm a stronger binding affinity of sodium lignosulfonate (LS) to multilayer graphene (MG, E bind = −3.478 eV) than interlayer graphene-graphene interactions (E bind = −0.025 eV), driving spontaneous intercalation that disrupts π-π stacking. This nanoscale dispersion amplifying interfacial polarization at the MG/CMC heterointerface, thereby boosting the storage of triboelectric charge. Correspondingly, the dielectric constant was increased from 0.45 for CMC to 4.25 for carboxymethylcellulose/sodium lignosulfonate/multilayer graphene (CLM). The optimized CLM-triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) delivered the triboelectric charge density of 5.8 nC cm−2, a 205 % increase over pristine CMC-TENG (1.9 nC cm−2). Upon performing over 40,000 cycles at 1 Hz, the CLM-TENG delivered stable output signals. Additionally, the flexible CLM-TENG harvests mechanical vibrations during fruit transportation, converting them into real-time electrical signals to alert drivers of excessive vibrations, reducing mechanical damage of fruits. Aligned with green recycling, the material retains functionality after six dissolution-regeneration cycles, ensuring reusability. [Display omitted] • Sodium lignosulfonate (LS) was intercalated into multilayer graphene (MG). • The binding energy of LS/MG is larger than that of MG/MG. • The dielectric constant of CMC film by 8 times after introducing SL/MG. • Compared to the CMC film, the V OC of the optimized CLM sample was increased 350 %. • The optimized device can be applied to monitor fruit collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.168266
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        Text: English
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