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Synthesis of processable matrix resin for carbon fiber‐reinforced ultra‐high temperature ceramic matrix composites.

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Title: Synthesis of processable matrix resin for carbon fiber‐reinforced ultra‐high temperature ceramic matrix composites.
Authors: Rajasekhar, Buragadda V.1,2 (AUTHOR), Kamal, Anurag2 (AUTHOR), Devapal, Deepa2 (AUTHOR), N, RameshBabu1 (AUTHOR) nrb@nitt.edu
Source: Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Dec2025, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p1-17. 17p.
Subjects: Ceramic-matrix composites, Ultra-high-temperature ceramics, Ceramic material manufacturing, Sol-gel processes, Polymerization, Polymeric composites, Fibrous composites, Ceramic engineering
Abstract: Pre‐ceramic polymers comprising of Zr, C, B, Si, and O in a single system named as family of zirconoborosiloxane (ZBS) with a high ceramic yield of 83 wt.% at 1200°C were synthesized by non‐aqueous sol‒gel approach. With eight different molar feed ratios, ceramic conversion studies were carried out at 1500°C and 1650°C in argon, and three different heating rates were employed. The polymers were analyzed for their functional groups, ceramic residue, molecular weight, viscosity, and specific gravity. The evolution of various ceramic phases by varying the heating/cooling rate, morphology, elemental composition, and mapping was studied and carbon content was analyzed. Zirconia in monoclinic and tetragonal crystal structures and zircon were obtained as major ceramic phases. Silica or silicon carbide was not observed with the precursor feeds, heat‐treatment temperatures or heating rate combinations used in this study. The carbon content of the ceramics formed was found to be present in very low concentrations. ZBS was completely converted into oxide‐free ceramics of ZrC, ZrB2, and SiC using polyimide and divinylbenzene as carbon source at temperatures as low as 1500°C. Thus, ZBS in combination with polyimide and divinylbenzene in liquid form is proposed as matrix resin for ultra‐high temperature ceramic matrix composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Synthesis of processable matrix resin for carbon fiber‐reinforced ultra‐high temperature ceramic matrix composites.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rajasekhar%2C+Buragadda+V%2E%22">Rajasekhar, Buragadda V.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kamal%2C+Anurag%22">Kamal, Anurag</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Devapal%2C+Deepa%22">Devapal, Deepa</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22N%2C+RameshBabu%22">N, RameshBabu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> nrb@nitt.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+the+American+Ceramic+Society%22">Journal of the American Ceramic Society</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 108 Issue 12, p1-17. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ceramic-matrix+composites%22">Ceramic-matrix composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultra-high-temperature+ceramics%22">Ultra-high-temperature ceramics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ceramic+material+manufacturing%22">Ceramic material manufacturing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sol-gel+processes%22">Sol-gel processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymerization%22">Polymerization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymeric+composites%22">Polymeric composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fibrous+composites%22">Fibrous composites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ceramic+engineering%22">Ceramic engineering</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Pre‐ceramic polymers comprising of Zr, C, B, Si, and O in a single system named as family of zirconoborosiloxane (ZBS) with a high ceramic yield of 83 wt.% at 1200°C were synthesized by non‐aqueous sol‒gel approach. With eight different molar feed ratios, ceramic conversion studies were carried out at 1500°C and 1650°C in argon, and three different heating rates were employed. The polymers were analyzed for their functional groups, ceramic residue, molecular weight, viscosity, and specific gravity. The evolution of various ceramic phases by varying the heating/cooling rate, morphology, elemental composition, and mapping was studied and carbon content was analyzed. Zirconia in monoclinic and tetragonal crystal structures and zircon were obtained as major ceramic phases. Silica or silicon carbide was not observed with the precursor feeds, heat‐treatment temperatures or heating rate combinations used in this study. The carbon content of the ceramics formed was found to be present in very low concentrations. ZBS was completely converted into oxide‐free ceramics of ZrC, ZrB2, and SiC using polyimide and divinylbenzene as carbon source at temperatures as low as 1500°C. Thus, ZBS in combination with polyimide and divinylbenzene in liquid form is proposed as matrix resin for ultra‐high temperature ceramic matrix composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of the American Ceramic Society is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/jace.20697
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ceramic-matrix composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultra-high-temperature ceramics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ceramic material manufacturing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sol-gel processes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polymerization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polymeric composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fibrous composites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ceramic engineering
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Synthesis of processable matrix resin for carbon fiber‐reinforced ultra‐high temperature ceramic matrix composites.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Rajasekhar, Buragadda V.
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            NameFull: Kamal, Anurag
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            NameFull: Devapal, Deepa
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            NameFull: N, RameshBabu
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            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 108
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