Engineering superparamagnetic quantum-sized Ca2+-doped CoFe₂O₄ nanomaterials.
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| Title: | Engineering superparamagnetic quantum-sized Ca2+-doped CoFe₂O₄ nanomaterials. |
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| Authors: | Anchal1 (AUTHOR), Sarita1 (AUTHOR), Choudhary, Yashpal1 (AUTHOR), Jakhar, Narendra2 (AUTHOR), Alvi, P. A1 (AUTHOR), Choudhary, B. L.1 (AUTHOR) blcphysics@gmail.com |
| Source: | Materials Research Innovations. Nov2025, Vol. 29 Issue 7, p512-534. 23p. |
| Subjects: | Superparamagnetic materials, Nanoparticles, Sol-gel processes, Cobalt oxides, X-ray diffraction, Magnetic measurements, Calcium compounds, Quantum dots |
| Abstract: | This study reports the synthesis of superparamagnetic CaxCo1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) via the sol-gel method using citric acid as a chelating agent. XRD and Rietveld refinement confirmed a cubic crystal structure (Fd-3m), with crystallite size decreasing from 5.8 to 5 nm as Ca2+ concentration increased, placing them in the quantum dot regime. Williamson-Hall analysis assessed micro-strain, while FESEM revealed predominantly spherical nanoparticles. Raman and FTIR spectra confirmed key vibrational modes and characteristic bonds. UV–Vis. spectroscopy showed a decreasing optical bandgap and increasing Urbach energy with higher Ca2+ levels, supported by PL analysis. XPS provided insight into elemental oxidation states. Magnetic measurements via VSM exhibited low remanence and coercivity, along with a squareness ratio exceeding 0.5, confirming their superparamagnetic behavior. ${\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{x}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}_{1 - {\rm{x}}}}{\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_4}$ C a x C o 1 − x F e 2 O 4 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Abstract: | This study reports the synthesis of superparamagnetic CaxCo1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) via the sol-gel method using citric acid as a chelating agent. XRD and Rietveld refinement confirmed a cubic crystal structure (Fd-3m), with crystallite size decreasing from 5.8 to 5 nm as Ca2+ concentration increased, placing them in the quantum dot regime. Williamson-Hall analysis assessed micro-strain, while FESEM revealed predominantly spherical nanoparticles. Raman and FTIR spectra confirmed key vibrational modes and characteristic bonds. UV–Vis. spectroscopy showed a decreasing optical bandgap and increasing Urbach energy with higher Ca2+ levels, supported by PL analysis. XPS provided insight into elemental oxidation states. Magnetic measurements via VSM exhibited low remanence and coercivity, along with a squareness ratio exceeding 0.5, confirming their superparamagnetic behavior. ${\rm{C}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{x}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}_{1 - {\rm{x}}}}{\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}_2}{{\rm{O}}_4}$ C a x C o 1 − x F e 2 O 4 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 14328917 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/14328917.2025.2507047 |
