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Entropy, purity and gluon cascades at high energies with recombinations and transitions to vacuum.

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Title: Entropy, purity and gluon cascades at high energies with recombinations and transitions to vacuum.
Authors: Kutak, Krzysztof1,2 (AUTHOR) krzysztof.kutak@ifj.edu.pl, Praszałowicz, Michał3 (AUTHOR)
Source: European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields. Oct2025, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Negative binomial distribution, Quantum information theory, Particle physics, Entropy, Multiplicity of nuclear particles
Abstract: We study one dimensional dipole cascade models in the high-energy limit of QCD. Motivated by data on hadron multiplicities in the LHCb kinematical range, we generalize existing cascade models for splitting and recombination to account also for transitions to the vacuum. This modification allows us to describe the data. Furthermore, we perform both analytical and numerical studies of the cascades and find that the cascade including loop corrections, as well as the one accounting for transitions to the vacuum, can both be related to the Negative Binomial Distribution. In the latter case, however, one must properly normalize the cascade to account for transitions to the vacuum. We also study the scaling properties of the cascades and identify new regimes, which we call "focal" and "parallel." Finally, we investigate the Quantum Information (QI) measures of the cascades, which allow us to highlight their distinctive properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Entropy, purity and gluon cascades at high energies with recombinations and transitions to vacuum.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kutak%2C+Krzysztof%22">Kutak, Krzysztof</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> krzysztof.kutak@ifj.edu.pl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Praszałowicz%2C+Michał%22">Praszałowicz, Michał</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Physical+Journal+C+--+Particles+%26+Fields%22">European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields</searchLink>. Oct2025, Vol. 85 Issue 10, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+chromodynamics%22">Quantum chromodynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Negative+binomial+distribution%22">Negative binomial distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+information+theory%22">Quantum information theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Particle+physics%22">Particle physics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Entropy%22">Entropy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiplicity+of+nuclear+particles%22">Multiplicity of nuclear particles</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: We study one dimensional dipole cascade models in the high-energy limit of QCD. Motivated by data on hadron multiplicities in the LHCb kinematical range, we generalize existing cascade models for splitting and recombination to account also for transitions to the vacuum. This modification allows us to describe the data. Furthermore, we perform both analytical and numerical studies of the cascades and find that the cascade including loop corrections, as well as the one accounting for transitions to the vacuum, can both be related to the Negative Binomial Distribution. In the latter case, however, one must properly normalize the cascade to account for transitions to the vacuum. We also study the scaling properties of the cascades and identify new regimes, which we call "focal" and "parallel." Finally, we investigate the Quantum Information (QI) measures of the cascades, which allow us to highlight their distinctive properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14981-6
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Quantum chromodynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Negative binomial distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Quantum information theory
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      – SubjectFull: Particle physics
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      – SubjectFull: Entropy
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      – SubjectFull: Multiplicity of nuclear particles
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              M: 10
              Text: Oct2025
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              Y: 2025
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