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Viscoelastic materials evaluated for blast-resistant designs.

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Title: Viscoelastic materials evaluated for blast-resistant designs.
Authors: Sutter, M.1 (AUTHOR), Thomas, C.1 (AUTHOR), Douglas, A. D.1 (AUTHOR), Dogan, F.2 (AUTHOR), Johnson, C. E.1 (AUTHOR) catherine.johnson@mst.edu
Source: Shock Waves. Oct2025, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p551-562. 12p.
Subjects: Viscoelastic materials, Polyurethanes, Absorption, Silicone rubber, Nanoparticles
Abstract: Viscoelastic materials have extensive military applications due to their energy absorption capabilities, with the potential to reduce blast energy imposed on buildings, vehicles, and personnel. Based on current literature, limited information is available regarding the mitigation of blast energy related to these uses. The impact of thickness, nanoparticle addition, and layering variation was assessed in this study using commercially available viscoelastic materials in open-air blasts of Composition C4 to determine shock energy mitigation capabilities. Time-pressure waveforms were recorded to identify optimal changes in shock wave characteristics: reduced peak pressure, positive phase duration, and impulse, with increased rise times. Results were analyzed through trend and linear regression analysis to evaluate factors possibly influencing the behavior of the materials. Polyurethane-based materials reduced peak pressures by extending the positive phase duration, whereas silicone rubber maintained a similar duration with reduced peak pressures, suggesting differing energy dissipation mechanisms. Polyurethane was more effective due to its pressure reduction regardless of thickness, enabling thinner layers to be used to achieve similar results. Overall, thinner layers were more efficient, as diminished returns were evident by asymptotic points once reaching a 7-mm thickness. Incorporating graphene nanoplatelets increased energy transfer with peak pressure increases up to 16% in the polyurethane-based samples and impulse increases of 7.5% in the silicone rubber-based samples, making the baseline samples more effective. Layers alternating in material type reduced peak pressures up to 16% relative to baseline samples, with the most reduction occurring in the thicker layers. The alternate layering patterns proved pivotal in the results, those starting with silicone rubber being correlated to increases of 21% in positive phase duration and 6.5% in decay time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Shock Waves is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 189252241
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Viscoelastic materials evaluated for blast-resistant designs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Shock+Waves%22">Shock Waves</searchLink>. Oct2025, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p551-562. 12p.
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  Data: Viscoelastic materials have extensive military applications due to their energy absorption capabilities, with the potential to reduce blast energy imposed on buildings, vehicles, and personnel. Based on current literature, limited information is available regarding the mitigation of blast energy related to these uses. The impact of thickness, nanoparticle addition, and layering variation was assessed in this study using commercially available viscoelastic materials in open-air blasts of Composition C4 to determine shock energy mitigation capabilities. Time-pressure waveforms were recorded to identify optimal changes in shock wave characteristics: reduced peak pressure, positive phase duration, and impulse, with increased rise times. Results were analyzed through trend and linear regression analysis to evaluate factors possibly influencing the behavior of the materials. Polyurethane-based materials reduced peak pressures by extending the positive phase duration, whereas silicone rubber maintained a similar duration with reduced peak pressures, suggesting differing energy dissipation mechanisms. Polyurethane was more effective due to its pressure reduction regardless of thickness, enabling thinner layers to be used to achieve similar results. Overall, thinner layers were more efficient, as diminished returns were evident by asymptotic points once reaching a 7-mm thickness. Incorporating graphene nanoplatelets increased energy transfer with peak pressure increases up to 16% in the polyurethane-based samples and impulse increases of 7.5% in the silicone rubber-based samples, making the baseline samples more effective. Layers alternating in material type reduced peak pressures up to 16% relative to baseline samples, with the most reduction occurring in the thicker layers. The alternate layering patterns proved pivotal in the results, those starting with silicone rubber being correlated to increases of 21% in positive phase duration and 6.5% in decay time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Shock Waves is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00193-025-01225-5
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Absorption
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      – SubjectFull: Silicone rubber
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              Text: Oct2025
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