Effect of explant sources, sonication combined with vacuum infiltration, and biochar on improving Agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency in Eucalyptus camaldulensis.
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| Title: | Effect of explant sources, sonication combined with vacuum infiltration, and biochar on improving Agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency in Eucalyptus camaldulensis. |
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| Authors: | Sandhya, M. C.1 (AUTHOR), Sahadevan, Sreeja1 (AUTHOR), Shamili, Krishnaraj1 (AUTHOR), Rajendran, Manoj Kumar1 (AUTHOR), Singh, Harshita1 (AUTHOR), Balasubramanian, Aiyar1 (AUTHOR), Arun, Muthukrishnan2 (AUTHOR), Veerasamy, Sivakumar3 (AUTHOR), Nambiar-Veetil, Mathish1 (AUTHOR) mathish@icfre.org |
| Source: | Plant Biotechnology Reports. Dec2025, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p935-945. 11p. |
| Subjects: | Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Sonication, Leaf development, Genetic engineering, Genetic transformation, Biochar |
| Abstract: | Eucalyptus camaldulensis is an important raw material for the paper and pulp industries. Genetic modifications that improve pulpwood yield could augment the raw material availability for industries. However, the genetic transformation of Eucalyptus is considered challenging. This study has evaluated different explants, co-cultivation media components, and sonication-cum-vacuum infiltration-assisted co-cultivation for improving transformation efficiency. Cotyledonary leaf explants were found to be most readily transformable, showing the highest transient GUS expression (81.33%) than proximal hypocotyl and distal hypocotyl regions (13.33% and 16%, respectively). Further, the optimal series of post-co-cultivation hygromycin selection concentrations to be used during subcultures of co-cultivated clonal explants for regeneration of transformed plants was determined. Sonication of explants in combination with vacuum infiltration-assisted co-cultivation resulted in an increased transformation efficiency as assayed through transient and stable GFP expression. A higher efficiency of regeneration of transformed plants at 0.64 to 3.92% was observed in sonicated cotyledonary leaf explants compared to non-sonicated cotyledonary leaf explants (0 to 0.76%). The lack of CaCl2 and NaH2PO4 or inclusion of MES or AB salts in co-cultivation medium did not affect transformation efficiency. However, biochar at 2 g L−1 and 4 g L−1 in co-cultivation broth resulted in a higher mean number of GUS spots at 2.0 ± 0.116 and 2.58 ± 0.15, respectively, as compared to 1.91 ± 0.09 observed for 0 g L−1 of biochar. This study is the first report on enhancing the transformation efficiency of E. camaldulensis using biochar and sonication-cum-vacuum infiltration-assisted co-cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Plant Biotechnology Reports is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 189593873 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Effect of explant sources, sonication combined with vacuum infiltration, and biochar on improving Agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency in Eucalyptus camaldulensis. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sandhya%2C+M%2E+C%2E%22">Sandhya, M. C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sahadevan%2C+Sreeja%22">Sahadevan, Sreeja</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shamili%2C+Krishnaraj%22">Shamili, Krishnaraj</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rajendran%2C+Manoj+Kumar%22">Rajendran, Manoj Kumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singh%2C+Harshita%22">Singh, Harshita</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Balasubramanian%2C+Aiyar%22">Balasubramanian, Aiyar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arun%2C+Muthukrishnan%22">Arun, Muthukrishnan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Veerasamy%2C+Sivakumar%22">Veerasamy, Sivakumar</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nambiar-Veetil%2C+Mathish%22">Nambiar-Veetil, Mathish</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mathish@icfre.org</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Plant+Biotechnology+Reports%22">Plant Biotechnology Reports</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 19 Issue 6, p935-945. 11p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eucalyptus+camaldulensis%22">Eucalyptus camaldulensis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sonication%22">Sonication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Leaf+development%22">Leaf development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+engineering%22">Genetic engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+transformation%22">Genetic transformation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biochar%22">Biochar</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Eucalyptus camaldulensis is an important raw material for the paper and pulp industries. Genetic modifications that improve pulpwood yield could augment the raw material availability for industries. However, the genetic transformation of Eucalyptus is considered challenging. This study has evaluated different explants, co-cultivation media components, and sonication-cum-vacuum infiltration-assisted co-cultivation for improving transformation efficiency. Cotyledonary leaf explants were found to be most readily transformable, showing the highest transient GUS expression (81.33%) than proximal hypocotyl and distal hypocotyl regions (13.33% and 16%, respectively). Further, the optimal series of post-co-cultivation hygromycin selection concentrations to be used during subcultures of co-cultivated clonal explants for regeneration of transformed plants was determined. Sonication of explants in combination with vacuum infiltration-assisted co-cultivation resulted in an increased transformation efficiency as assayed through transient and stable GFP expression. A higher efficiency of regeneration of transformed plants at 0.64 to 3.92% was observed in sonicated cotyledonary leaf explants compared to non-sonicated cotyledonary leaf explants (0 to 0.76%). The lack of CaCl2 and NaH2PO4 or inclusion of MES or AB salts in co-cultivation medium did not affect transformation efficiency. However, biochar at 2 g L−1 and 4 g L−1 in co-cultivation broth resulted in a higher mean number of GUS spots at 2.0 ± 0.116 and 2.58 ± 0.15, respectively, as compared to 1.91 ± 0.09 observed for 0 g L−1 of biochar. This study is the first report on enhancing the transformation efficiency of E. camaldulensis using biochar and sonication-cum-vacuum infiltration-assisted co-cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Plant Biotechnology Reports is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11816-025-01004-9 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 935 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Eucalyptus camaldulensis Type: general – SubjectFull: Sonication Type: general – SubjectFull: Leaf development Type: general – SubjectFull: Genetic engineering Type: general – SubjectFull: Genetic transformation Type: general – SubjectFull: Biochar Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Effect of explant sources, sonication combined with vacuum infiltration, and biochar on improving Agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency in Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sandhya, M. C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sahadevan, Sreeja – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Shamili, Krishnaraj – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Rajendran, Manoj Kumar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Singh, Harshita – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Balasubramanian, Aiyar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Arun, Muthukrishnan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Veerasamy, Sivakumar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nambiar-Veetil, Mathish IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 12 Text: Dec2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 18635466 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Plant Biotechnology Reports Type: main |
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