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Fabrications of Fully Transparent Gallium Oxide Solar-Blind Photodetectors.

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Title: Fabrications of Fully Transparent Gallium Oxide Solar-Blind Photodetectors.
Authors: Wang, Li-Wen1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Tai-Yu2 (AUTHOR), Chu, Sheng-Yuan1,2 (AUTHOR) chusy@mail.ncku.edu.tw
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Nov2025, Vol. 15 Issue 21, p1614. 8p.
Subjects: Gallium, Photodetectors, Energy harvesting, Materials analysis, Transparency (Optics), Wide gap semiconductors
Abstract: This article presents a remarkable achievement: a gallium oxide-based, non-metallic, fully transparent, and self-powered solar-blind ultraviolet photodetector. We have replaced the traditional metal electrode with gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), a transparent conductive oxide, for this transparent purpose. Gallium oxide, a wide-bandgap material suitable for solar-blind detection, is used as the active layer. Glass and natural mica are used for the transparent substrate. The gallium oxide thin film is deposited by RF sputtering at room temperature, with polycrystalline orientation, and the top integrated GZO electrode is also prepared at room temperature using the same technique. This simple two-layer structure device maintains a transmittance of over 88% in the visible spectrum for both substrates, a truly impressive performance. Both glass and mica substrates exhibit self-powered photoresponsivity at 265 nm with responsivities of 8.8 × 10−9 and 4.4 × 10−7 (A/W), operating with an externally applied voltage of 1 V and boasting a responsivity of around two orders of magnitude with rise/fall times less than 10 s. An X-ray diffractometer, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, semiconductor analysis, and a semiconductor electron microscope are used for material analysis and device performance. This article presents a transparent gallium oxide solar-blind photodetector with a simple structure. Our research explains the exceptional transmittance of non-metal electrodes with gallium oxide solar-blind photodetectors, setting a new standard in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Fabrications of Fully Transparent Gallium Oxide Solar-Blind Photodetectors.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Li-Wen%22">Wang, Li-Wen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Tai-Yu%22">Wu, Tai-Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chu%2C+Sheng-Yuan%22">Chu, Sheng-Yuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chusy@mail.ncku.edu.tw</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 15 Issue 21, p1614. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gallium%22">Gallium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photodetectors%22">Photodetectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+harvesting%22">Energy harvesting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Materials+analysis%22">Materials analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transparency+%28Optics%29%22">Transparency (Optics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wide+gap+semiconductors%22">Wide gap semiconductors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This article presents a remarkable achievement: a gallium oxide-based, non-metallic, fully transparent, and self-powered solar-blind ultraviolet photodetector. We have replaced the traditional metal electrode with gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), a transparent conductive oxide, for this transparent purpose. Gallium oxide, a wide-bandgap material suitable for solar-blind detection, is used as the active layer. Glass and natural mica are used for the transparent substrate. The gallium oxide thin film is deposited by RF sputtering at room temperature, with polycrystalline orientation, and the top integrated GZO electrode is also prepared at room temperature using the same technique. This simple two-layer structure device maintains a transmittance of over 88% in the visible spectrum for both substrates, a truly impressive performance. Both glass and mica substrates exhibit self-powered photoresponsivity at 265 nm with responsivities of 8.8 × 10−9 and 4.4 × 10−7 (A/W), operating with an externally applied voltage of 1 V and boasting a responsivity of around two orders of magnitude with rise/fall times less than 10 s. An X-ray diffractometer, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, semiconductor analysis, and a semiconductor electron microscope are used for material analysis and device performance. This article presents a transparent gallium oxide solar-blind photodetector with a simple structure. Our research explains the exceptional transmittance of non-metal electrodes with gallium oxide solar-blind photodetectors, setting a new standard in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano15211614
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
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      – SubjectFull: Gallium
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photodetectors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy harvesting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Materials analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transparency (Optics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wide gap semiconductors
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      – TitleFull: Fabrications of Fully Transparent Gallium Oxide Solar-Blind Photodetectors.
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            NameFull: Wang, Li-Wen
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            NameFull: Wu, Tai-Yu
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            NameFull: Chu, Sheng-Yuan
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            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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