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Enhancing CaV 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3 -Based Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency by over 23% via Transport Layer Engineering.

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Title: Enhancing CaV 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3 -Based Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency by over 23% via Transport Layer Engineering.
Authors: Moiz, Syed Abdul1 (AUTHOR) sasyed@uqu.edu.sa, Masud, Muhammad I.2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Nov2025, Vol. 15 Issue 21, p1646. 25p.
Subjects: Solar cell efficiency, Solar cells, Lead-free solder, Thermal stability, Solar absorber-convertors, Solar technology
Abstract: In response to the rising global energy dilemma and associated environmental concerns, research into creating less hazardous solar technology has exploded. Due to their cost-effective fabrication process and exceptional optoelectronic properties, perovskite-based solar cells have emerged as promising candidates. However, their commercialization faces obstacles, including lead contamination, interface recombination, and instability. This study examines CaV0.5Fe0.5O3 (CVFO) as an alternative to lead-based perovskites, highlighting its improved stability and high efficiency through a series of simulation and modeling results. A record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.28% was achieved (Voc = 1.38 V, Jsc = 19.8 mA/cm2, FF = 85.2%) using a 550 nm thick CaV0.5Fe0.5O3 as an absorber. This was accomplished by optimizing the electron transport layer (ETL: TiO2, 40 nm, 1020 cm−3 doping) and the hole transport layer (HTL: Cu2O, 50 nm, 1020 cm−3 doping). Subsequently, it was established that defects at the ETL/perovskite interface significantly diminish performance relative to defects on the HTL side, and thermal stability assessments verified proper operation up to 350 K. To maintain efficiency, it is necessary to reduce series resistance (Rs < 1 Ω·cm2) and increase shunt resistance (Rsh > 104 Ω·cm2). The findings indicate that CaV0.5Fe0.5O3 serves as a feasible alternative to perovskites and has the potential to enhance the performance of scalable solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Enhancing CaV 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3 -Based Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency by over 23% via Transport Layer Engineering.
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  Data: In response to the rising global energy dilemma and associated environmental concerns, research into creating less hazardous solar technology has exploded. Due to their cost-effective fabrication process and exceptional optoelectronic properties, perovskite-based solar cells have emerged as promising candidates. However, their commercialization faces obstacles, including lead contamination, interface recombination, and instability. This study examines CaV0.5Fe0.5O3 (CVFO) as an alternative to lead-based perovskites, highlighting its improved stability and high efficiency through a series of simulation and modeling results. A record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.28% was achieved (Voc = 1.38 V, Jsc = 19.8 mA/cm2, FF = 85.2%) using a 550 nm thick CaV0.5Fe0.5O3 as an absorber. This was accomplished by optimizing the electron transport layer (ETL: TiO2, 40 nm, 1020 cm−3 doping) and the hole transport layer (HTL: Cu2O, 50 nm, 1020 cm−3 doping). Subsequently, it was established that defects at the ETL/perovskite interface significantly diminish performance relative to defects on the HTL side, and thermal stability assessments verified proper operation up to 350 K. To maintain efficiency, it is necessary to reduce series resistance (Rs &lt; 1 Ω&#183;cm2) and increase shunt resistance (Rsh &gt; 104 Ω&#183;cm2). The findings indicate that CaV0.5Fe0.5O3 serves as a feasible alternative to perovskites and has the potential to enhance the performance of scalable solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano15211646
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 25
        StartPage: 1646
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Solar cell efficiency
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solar cells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lead-free solder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solar absorber-convertors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solar technology
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Enhancing CaV 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3 -Based Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency by over 23% via Transport Layer Engineering.
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            NameFull: Moiz, Syed Abdul
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            NameFull: Masud, Muhammad I.
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            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Nanomaterials (2079-4991)
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