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Fixed-Time Active Disturbance Rejection Control Scheme for Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Cascaded Extended State Observer.

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Title: Fixed-Time Active Disturbance Rejection Control Scheme for Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Cascaded Extended State Observer.
Authors: Zhang, Kai1 (AUTHOR), Ren, Yifeng1 (AUTHOR) s202315008@st.nuc.edu.cn, Zhao, Junmei1 (AUTHOR) renyifeng126@126.com, Kang, Rui1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Energies (19961073). Nov2025, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p5917. 24p.
Subjects: Energy storage, Dynamic models, Feedback control systems, Lyapunov stability, Adaptive control systems
Abstract: To suppress the bus voltage fluctuations caused by disturbances such as photovoltaic-side power fluctuations and load-side power variations in hybrid energy storage systems, a fixed-time active disturbance rejection controller (FxADRC) integrated with a cascaded extended state observer (CESO) is proposed in this paper. The paper first constructs a dynamic model of the hybrid energy storage system, considering the impact of disturbances. Second, this paper designs a cascaded extended state observer to estimate the total disturbances affecting the system, achieving finite-time convergence performance. Then, a fixed-time sliding mode active disturbance rejection control strategy combined with the CESO is proposed, which can achieve bus voltage tracking with fixed-time convergence rate irrespective of the effect of the initial state. In addition, the stability of the proposed controller is validated by the Lyapunov method. Finally, Comparative studies are conducted by simulation to verify the effectiveness and outstanding performance of the proposed control scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 189606949
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  Data: Fixed-Time Active Disturbance Rejection Control Scheme for Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Cascaded Extended State Observer.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Kai%22">Zhang, Kai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ren%2C+Yifeng%22">Ren, Yifeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> s202315008@st.nuc.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Junmei%22">Zhao, Junmei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> renyifeng126@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kang%2C+Rui%22">Kang, Rui</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Energies+%2819961073%29%22">Energies (19961073)</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 18 Issue 22, p5917. 24p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+storage%22">Energy storage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+models%22">Dynamic models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Feedback+control+systems%22">Feedback control systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lyapunov+stability%22">Lyapunov stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adaptive+control+systems%22">Adaptive control systems</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: To suppress the bus voltage fluctuations caused by disturbances such as photovoltaic-side power fluctuations and load-side power variations in hybrid energy storage systems, a fixed-time active disturbance rejection controller (FxADRC) integrated with a cascaded extended state observer (CESO) is proposed in this paper. The paper first constructs a dynamic model of the hybrid energy storage system, considering the impact of disturbances. Second, this paper designs a cascaded extended state observer to estimate the total disturbances affecting the system, achieving finite-time convergence performance. Then, a fixed-time sliding mode active disturbance rejection control strategy combined with the CESO is proposed, which can achieve bus voltage tracking with fixed-time convergence rate irrespective of the effect of the initial state. In addition, the stability of the proposed controller is validated by the Lyapunov method. Finally, Comparative studies are conducted by simulation to verify the effectiveness and outstanding performance of the proposed control scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Energies (19961073) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/en18225917
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 24
        StartPage: 5917
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Energy storage
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dynamic models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Feedback control systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lyapunov stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adaptive control systems
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Fixed-Time Active Disturbance Rejection Control Scheme for Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Cascaded Extended State Observer.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Kai
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            NameFull: Ren, Yifeng
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            NameFull: Zhao, Junmei
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            NameFull: Kang, Rui
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            – D: 15
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Energies (19961073)
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