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Unraveling Anomalous Eutectic Formation in Ni-Sn Alloys During Directional Solidification with Transition Variable Speed.

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Title: Unraveling Anomalous Eutectic Formation in Ni-Sn Alloys During Directional Solidification with Transition Variable Speed.
Authors: Cao, Yongqing1 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Huanhuan2 (AUTHOR), Song, Lianmei3 (AUTHOR), Wei, Lei4 (AUTHOR), Shi, Lei1 (AUTHOR), Li, Jiakang1,2 (AUTHOR), Jia, Lixiao1,3 (AUTHOR), Li, Miaoling1,4 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Derong1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Nov2025, Vol. 18 Issue 21, p4933. 21p.
Subjects: Directional solidification, Eutectic structure, Cellular automata, Nickel alloys, Solidification, Microhardness
Abstract: This study investigates eutectic morphology transitions in Ni-Sn alloys using Bridgman directional solidification with a transition variable speed coupled with cellular automaton (CA) simulations. Steady-state solidification (0.1–2000 μm/s) produced only regular lamellar/rod-like eutectics, while velocity jumps triggered anomalous eutectic formation. As the drawing speed increased, the lamellar spacing decreased from ~3 μm to 0.4 μm, while the microhardness increased from ~426 HV to 500 HV. The experiments on Ni-Sn alloys revealed that anomalous eutectic morphologies form specifically at velocity transition interfaces (0.1–1000 μm/s), consistent with CA simulations showing destabilization of the lamellae, epitaxial growth of the Ni3Sn phase, and decoupled nucleation of the α-Ni phase for the formation. The work defines a processing window for anomalous eutectic formation and provides mechanistic insights bridging undercooling and directional solidification regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Unraveling Anomalous Eutectic Formation in Ni-Sn Alloys During Directional Solidification with Transition Variable Speed.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 18 Issue 21, p4933. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Directional+solidification%22">Directional solidification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eutectic+structure%22">Eutectic structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellular+automata%22">Cellular automata</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nickel+alloys%22">Nickel alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solidification%22">Solidification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microhardness%22">Microhardness</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This study investigates eutectic morphology transitions in Ni-Sn alloys using Bridgman directional solidification with a transition variable speed coupled with cellular automaton (CA) simulations. Steady-state solidification (0.1–2000 μm/s) produced only regular lamellar/rod-like eutectics, while velocity jumps triggered anomalous eutectic formation. As the drawing speed increased, the lamellar spacing decreased from ~3 μm to 0.4 μm, while the microhardness increased from ~426 HV to 500 HV. The experiments on Ni-Sn alloys revealed that anomalous eutectic morphologies form specifically at velocity transition interfaces (0.1–1000 μm/s), consistent with CA simulations showing destabilization of the lamellae, epitaxial growth of the Ni3Sn phase, and decoupled nucleation of the α-Ni phase for the formation. The work defines a processing window for anomalous eutectic formation and provides mechanistic insights bridging undercooling and directional solidification regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma18214933
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Directional solidification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Eutectic structure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cellular automata
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      – SubjectFull: Nickel alloys
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      – SubjectFull: Solidification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microhardness
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      – TitleFull: Unraveling Anomalous Eutectic Formation in Ni-Sn Alloys During Directional Solidification with Transition Variable Speed.
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            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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