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Strong carbonate buffering in karst cascade river-reservoir systems constrains CO2 production and emissions.

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Title: Strong carbonate buffering in karst cascade river-reservoir systems constrains CO2 production and emissions.
Authors: Hu, Xuan1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Wanfa1,2 (AUTHOR) wfwang@gzu.edu.cn, Ran, Lishan3 (AUTHOR), Xu, Sen4 (AUTHOR), Han, Qiong4,5 (AUTHOR), Ulloa-Cedamanos, Francesco6 (AUTHOR), Zhong, Jun4 (AUTHOR), Chen, Bei-Bei4,7 (AUTHOR), Yu, Shengde8 (AUTHOR), He, Dengming1,2 (AUTHOR), Shi, Wenhong1,2 (AUTHOR), Xu, Siqin1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Si-Liang4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. Dec2025, Vol. 411, p222-232. 11p.
Subjects: Carbonates, Carbonate reservoirs, Carbon emissions, Carbonate minerals, Carbon cycle, Isotopic analysis
Geographic Terms: Karst (Slovenia & Italy : Region)
Abstract: River cascade damming profoundly alters inland water carbon cycling, yet the carbonate buffering mechanisms under high partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p CO 2) and low pH conditions in the hypolimnion and released water of karst reservoirs remain unclear. This study elucidated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) transport and transformation across cascade reservoirs within the Wujiang River basin, emphasizing the role of carbonate buffering in the fluxes and spatiotemporal patterns of CO 2 , as well as the stable isotopic composition of DIC (δ13C DIC). Water chemistry and dual isotope (δ13C DIC and Δ14C DIC) analysises suggest that in carbonate-rich reservoirs, carbonate dissolution and autochthonous particulate inorganic carbon driven by biological carbon pump create a dual buffering effect, reducing CO 2 production and emissions by 57 %–80 %. Quantitative carbonate buffering modeling demonstrates that the strong carbonate buffering extends p CO 2 and δ13C DIC equilibrium timescales by 2–100 times compared to non-buffered scenarios. Over extended timescales, water-carbonate mineral interactions in the cascade reservoirs of the Wujiang River impart buffering capacity, which not only suppresses CO 2 production and emissions but also exerts an influence on isotopic fractionation. Therefore, the hypolimnion contributes to CO 2 reduction (0.01–135.10 Gg CO 2 year−1), while the released water has much lower CO 2 fluxes than non-karst reservoirs, achieving a CO 2 emission reduction of 5.40–93.28 Gg CO 2 year−1. As reservoirs proliferate globally, integrating carbonate buffering into carbon budget assessments is essential for refining reservoir CO 2 emission estimates, especially in karst regions that account for 10 %–15 % of Earth's continental surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Strong carbonate buffering in karst cascade river-reservoir systems constrains CO2 production and emissions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Xuan%22">Hu, Xuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Wanfa%22">Wang, Wanfa</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wfwang@gzu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ran%2C+Lishan%22">Ran, Lishan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Sen%22">Xu, Sen</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Qiong%22">Han, Qiong</searchLink><relatesTo>4,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ulloa-Cedamanos%2C+Francesco%22">Ulloa-Cedamanos, Francesco</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhong%2C+Jun%22">Zhong, Jun</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Bei-Bei%22">Chen, Bei-Bei</searchLink><relatesTo>4,7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Shengde%22">Yu, Shengde</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Dengming%22">He, Dengming</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shi%2C+Wenhong%22">Shi, Wenhong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Siqin%22">Xu, Siqin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Si-Liang%22">Li, Si-Liang</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta%22">Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 411, p222-232. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbonates%22">Carbonates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbonate+reservoirs%22">Carbonate reservoirs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+emissions%22">Carbon emissions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbonate+minerals%22">Carbonate minerals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+cycle%22">Carbon cycle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Isotopic+analysis%22">Isotopic analysis</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Karst+%28Slovenia+%26+Italy+%3A+Region%29%22">Karst (Slovenia & Italy : Region)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: River cascade damming profoundly alters inland water carbon cycling, yet the carbonate buffering mechanisms under high partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p CO 2) and low pH conditions in the hypolimnion and released water of karst reservoirs remain unclear. This study elucidated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) transport and transformation across cascade reservoirs within the Wujiang River basin, emphasizing the role of carbonate buffering in the fluxes and spatiotemporal patterns of CO 2 , as well as the stable isotopic composition of DIC (δ13C DIC). Water chemistry and dual isotope (δ13C DIC and Δ14C DIC) analysises suggest that in carbonate-rich reservoirs, carbonate dissolution and autochthonous particulate inorganic carbon driven by biological carbon pump create a dual buffering effect, reducing CO 2 production and emissions by 57 %–80 %. Quantitative carbonate buffering modeling demonstrates that the strong carbonate buffering extends p CO 2 and δ13C DIC equilibrium timescales by 2–100 times compared to non-buffered scenarios. Over extended timescales, water-carbonate mineral interactions in the cascade reservoirs of the Wujiang River impart buffering capacity, which not only suppresses CO 2 production and emissions but also exerts an influence on isotopic fractionation. Therefore, the hypolimnion contributes to CO 2 reduction (0.01–135.10 Gg CO 2 year−1), while the released water has much lower CO 2 fluxes than non-karst reservoirs, achieving a CO 2 emission reduction of 5.40–93.28 Gg CO 2 year−1. As reservoirs proliferate globally, integrating carbonate buffering into carbon budget assessments is essential for refining reservoir CO 2 emission estimates, especially in karst regions that account for 10 %–15 % of Earth's continental surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.gca.2025.11.003
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 222
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Carbonates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbonate reservoirs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon emissions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbonate minerals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon cycle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Isotopic analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Karst (Slovenia & Italy : Region)
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Strong carbonate buffering in karst cascade river-reservoir systems constrains CO2 production and emissions.
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            – D: 15
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
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              Y: 2025
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