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From coordination to protection: 1,10-phenanthroline-based Cu(II) complexes against metal corrosion.

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Title: From coordination to protection: 1,10-phenanthroline-based Cu(II) complexes against metal corrosion.
Authors: Hammud, Hassan H.1 (AUTHOR) hhammoud@kfu.edu.sa, Ali, Basem F.1,2 (AUTHOR) bfali@aabu.edu.jo, Aljamhi, Waleed A.1 (AUTHOR), Bhattacharya, Saurav3,4 (AUTHOR), Kortz, Ulrich3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polyhedron. Feb2026, Vol. 284, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Corrosion prevention, Corrosion resistance, Coordination polymers, Copper compounds, Electrochemical experiments, Thiocyanates, Thermal stability, Phenanthroline
Abstract: A new one-dimensional thiocyanato bridged Cu(II) polynuclear coordination polymer containing 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), [Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)(μ-NCS)] n (1), has been synthesized. Complex (1) has been characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques. The X-ray single crystal structure of (1) shows the formation of polymeric chains of thiocyanate bridges. In the polymer, the CuII ion in an octahedral environment, coordinated by one phen and four thiocyanato ligands. Two of the thiocyanato ligands are N-bonded and the other two S-bonded forming a CuN 4 S 2 core. Whereas the N atoms have almost linear Cu—N—C angles (164.4°), the S atoms are bonded with a Cu—S—C angle of 96.80°. All thiocyanato ligands are bridging Cu ions into one-dimensional chains. The lattice of (1), shows polymers connected through C H⋯S, offset-face-to-face π–π stacking interactions and S⋯S interactions consolidating a 3D structure. The supramolecular structures of bridged dimeric complexes bis[(μ2-chloro)chloro(phen)copper(II)] (2) and bis[(μ2-azido)-chloro-(phen)‑copper(II)] (3) were also briefly discussed. Comparative studies with the dimeric analogues (2) and (3) reveal that polymer (1) exhibits enhanced thermal stability, delaying phenanthroline release to higher temperature. Electrochemical impedance and potentiodynamic polarization measurements show all three complexes function as mixed-type corrosion inhibitors with predominant cathodic behaviour for C-steel in 0.25 M H 2 SO 4. At optimal dosages, (1) achieves 73.3 % inhibition at 100 ppm, while (2) and (3) reach 95.1 % and 91.2 % at 120 ppm, respectively. Weight loss experiments confirmed the decrease in corrosion rates when the complexes were added to the blank 1 M HCl. The free energies calculated from Langmuir adsorption isotherms and SEM analysis confirm the formation of protective precipitates on the steel surface. These results highlight the critical influence of molecular topology on anticorrosion performance and identify the dimeric structures as particularly promising for steel protection. Single-crystal X-ray structure of [Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)(μ-NCS)] n (1) showed one repeating unit with Cu centre in octahedron, phen ligand, two N-bonded SCN and two S-bonded SCN; bridging SCN linked the Cu centres into a chain; a 3D network formed via hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking, and S···S contacts. Polymer (1) exhibits enhanced thermal stability compared to dimeric (2) and (3). Percent corrosion inhibitions in 1 M HCl of dimeric topologies [CuCl(phen)(μ-Cl] 2 (2) (IE = 95 %) and [CuCl(phen)μ-N 3 ] 2 (3) (IE = 91 %) outperform polymeric [Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)(μ-NCS)] n (1) (IE = 73 %) for C-steel protection as demonstrated by impedimetric, potentiodynamic and weight loss studies. SEM of C-steel surface shows protective film of adsorbed complexes in 1 M HCl. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: From coordination to protection: 1,10-phenanthroline-based Cu(II) complexes against metal corrosion.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hammud%2C+Hassan+H%2E%22">Hammud, Hassan H.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hhammoud@kfu.edu.sa</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ali%2C+Basem+F%2E%22">Ali, Basem F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> bfali@aabu.edu.jo</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aljamhi%2C+Waleed+A%2E%22">Aljamhi, Waleed A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bhattacharya%2C+Saurav%22">Bhattacharya, Saurav</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kortz%2C+Ulrich%22">Kortz, Ulrich</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polyhedron%22">Polyhedron</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 284, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrosion+prevention%22">Corrosion prevention</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrosion+resistance%22">Corrosion resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Coordination+polymers%22">Coordination polymers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Copper+compounds%22">Copper compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+experiments%22">Electrochemical experiments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thiocyanates%22">Thiocyanates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+stability%22">Thermal stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenanthroline%22">Phenanthroline</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A new one-dimensional thiocyanato bridged Cu(II) polynuclear coordination polymer containing 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), [Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)(μ-NCS)] n (1), has been synthesized. Complex (1) has been characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques. The X-ray single crystal structure of (1) shows the formation of polymeric chains of thiocyanate bridges. In the polymer, the CuII ion in an octahedral environment, coordinated by one phen and four thiocyanato ligands. Two of the thiocyanato ligands are N-bonded and the other two S-bonded forming a CuN 4 S 2 core. Whereas the N atoms have almost linear Cu—N—C angles (164.4°), the S atoms are bonded with a Cu—S—C angle of 96.80°. All thiocyanato ligands are bridging Cu ions into one-dimensional chains. The lattice of (1), shows polymers connected through C H⋯S, offset-face-to-face π–π stacking interactions and S⋯S interactions consolidating a 3D structure. The supramolecular structures of bridged dimeric complexes bis[(μ2-chloro)chloro(phen)copper(II)] (2) and bis[(μ2-azido)-chloro-(phen)‑copper(II)] (3) were also briefly discussed. Comparative studies with the dimeric analogues (2) and (3) reveal that polymer (1) exhibits enhanced thermal stability, delaying phenanthroline release to higher temperature. Electrochemical impedance and potentiodynamic polarization measurements show all three complexes function as mixed-type corrosion inhibitors with predominant cathodic behaviour for C-steel in 0.25 M H 2 SO 4. At optimal dosages, (1) achieves 73.3 % inhibition at 100 ppm, while (2) and (3) reach 95.1 % and 91.2 % at 120 ppm, respectively. Weight loss experiments confirmed the decrease in corrosion rates when the complexes were added to the blank 1 M HCl. The free energies calculated from Langmuir adsorption isotherms and SEM analysis confirm the formation of protective precipitates on the steel surface. These results highlight the critical influence of molecular topology on anticorrosion performance and identify the dimeric structures as particularly promising for steel protection. Single-crystal X-ray structure of [Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)(μ-NCS)] n (1) showed one repeating unit with Cu centre in octahedron, phen ligand, two N-bonded SCN and two S-bonded SCN; bridging SCN linked the Cu centres into a chain; a 3D network formed via hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking, and S···S contacts. Polymer (1) exhibits enhanced thermal stability compared to dimeric (2) and (3). Percent corrosion inhibitions in 1 M HCl of dimeric topologies [CuCl(phen)(μ-Cl] 2 (2) (IE = 95 %) and [CuCl(phen)μ-N 3 ] 2 (3) (IE = 91 %) outperform polymeric [Cu(phen)(μ-SCN)(μ-NCS)] n (1) (IE = 73 %) for C-steel protection as demonstrated by impedimetric, potentiodynamic and weight loss studies. SEM of C-steel surface shows protective film of adsorbed complexes in 1 M HCl. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Polyhedron is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.poly.2025.117869
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Corrosion prevention
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Corrosion resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Coordination polymers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Copper compounds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrochemical experiments
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thiocyanates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phenanthroline
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: From coordination to protection: 1,10-phenanthroline-based Cu(II) complexes against metal corrosion.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Hammud, Hassan H.
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            NameFull: Ali, Basem F.
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            NameFull: Aljamhi, Waleed A.
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            NameFull: Bhattacharya, Saurav
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 284
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            – TitleFull: Polyhedron
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