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Assessment of Water‐Based Treatments and Debranning Methods for Removal of Pesticide Residues in Maize Grains and Their Products.

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Title: Assessment of Water‐Based Treatments and Debranning Methods for Removal of Pesticide Residues in Maize Grains and Their Products.
Authors: Jacobo, Hellena D.1 (AUTHOR), Mabeyo, Petro E.1 (AUTHOR), Kitalika, Aldo J.1 (AUTHOR) aldo.kitalika@duce.ac.tz, Hebishy, Essam1 (AUTHOR) ehebishy@wiley.com
Source: Journal of Food Processing & Preservation. 12/19/2025, Vol. 2025, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Pesticide residues in food, Public health, Food safety, Surface cleaning, Corn, Agricultural chemicals, Water purification, Pesticide pollution
Geographic Terms: Tanzania, Mwanza (Tanzania)
Abstract: Pesticide residues in staple foods pose significant public health concerns, especially in regions with intensive agrochemical use and weak regulatory enforcement. This study examined the presence and reduction of pesticide residues in 75 maize grain samples and their processed products collected from five milling factories in Nyamagana and Ilemela districts, Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Residue extraction was performed using solid–liquid and liquid–liquid methods, followed by quantification via gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS). Sixteen pesticide compounds were identified, including malathion, pirimiphos‐methyl, p,p ′‐DDT, p,p ′‐DDE, and trichlorfon. Two postharvest treatments, washing (single washing and double washing) and debranning, achieved average residue reductions of 32.92% ± 11.37%, 66.74% ± 11.62%, and 99.32% ± 0.32%, respectively. Combined washing and debranning removed detectable residues in polished (sembe) flour. Residue distribution analysis revealed higher concentrations in the outer layer, germ, and tip regions of the grain, underscoring the importance of debranning as a key intervention, despite the associated nutrient loss. However, bran from unwashed maize retained elevated residue levels, risking bioconcentration when used as animal feed. These results underscore the importance of standardized processing protocols and stricter pesticide regulations to enhance food safety and safeguard public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Food Processing & Preservation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 190383948
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Assessment of Water‐Based Treatments and Debranning Methods for Removal of Pesticide Residues in Maize Grains and Their Products.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jacobo%2C+Hellena+D%2E%22">Jacobo, Hellena D.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mabeyo%2C+Petro+E%2E%22">Mabeyo, Petro E.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kitalika%2C+Aldo+J%2E%22">Kitalika, Aldo J.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> aldo.kitalika@duce.ac.tz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hebishy%2C+Essam%22">Hebishy, Essam</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ehebishy@wiley.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Food+Processing+%26+Preservation%22">Journal of Food Processing & Preservation</searchLink>. 12/19/2025, Vol. 2025, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pesticide+residues+in+food%22">Pesticide residues in food</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+health%22">Public health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+safety%22">Food safety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+cleaning%22">Surface cleaning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corn%22">Corn</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agricultural+chemicals%22">Agricultural chemicals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Water+purification%22">Water purification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pesticide+pollution%22">Pesticide pollution</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tanzania%22">Tanzania</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mwanza+%28Tanzania%29%22">Mwanza (Tanzania)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Pesticide residues in staple foods pose significant public health concerns, especially in regions with intensive agrochemical use and weak regulatory enforcement. This study examined the presence and reduction of pesticide residues in 75 maize grain samples and their processed products collected from five milling factories in Nyamagana and Ilemela districts, Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Residue extraction was performed using solid–liquid and liquid–liquid methods, followed by quantification via gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS). Sixteen pesticide compounds were identified, including malathion, pirimiphos‐methyl, p,p ′‐DDT, p,p ′‐DDE, and trichlorfon. Two postharvest treatments, washing (single washing and double washing) and debranning, achieved average residue reductions of 32.92% ± 11.37%, 66.74% ± 11.62%, and 99.32% ± 0.32%, respectively. Combined washing and debranning removed detectable residues in polished (sembe) flour. Residue distribution analysis revealed higher concentrations in the outer layer, germ, and tip regions of the grain, underscoring the importance of debranning as a key intervention, despite the associated nutrient loss. However, bran from unwashed maize retained elevated residue levels, risking bioconcentration when used as animal feed. These results underscore the importance of standardized processing protocols and stricter pesticide regulations to enhance food safety and safeguard public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Food Processing & Preservation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1155/jfpp/5502432
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Pesticide residues in food
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Public health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Food safety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surface cleaning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Corn
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Agricultural chemicals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Water purification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pesticide pollution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tanzania
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mwanza (Tanzania)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Assessment of Water‐Based Treatments and Debranning Methods for Removal of Pesticide Residues in Maize Grains and Their Products.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Jacobo, Hellena D.
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            NameFull: Mabeyo, Petro E.
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            NameFull: Kitalika, Aldo J.
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            NameFull: Hebishy, Essam
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          Dates:
            – D: 19
              M: 12
              Text: 12/19/2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 01458892
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            – Type: volume
              Value: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Food Processing & Preservation
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