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Synthesis and characterization of novel organoclay-epoxy based flame retardant nanocomposites.

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Title: Synthesis and characterization of novel organoclay-epoxy based flame retardant nanocomposites.
Authors: Altaf, Muhammad1,2 (AUTHOR), Ahmed, Muhammad Naeem1 (AUTHOR) drnaeem@ajku.edu.pk, Iqbal, Anila2 (AUTHOR) a.anilaiqbal@gmail.com, Khan, Arshad Ali3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites. Jan2026, Vol. 45 Issue 1/2, p32-44. 13p.
Subjects: Organoclay, Nanocomposite materials, Thermogravimetry, Microstructure, Bentonite, Ion exchange (Chemistry), Epoxy resins, Fireproofing agents
Abstract: In this study, cost-effective, widely spread, and nontoxic fillers were used to improve the flame retardancy of epoxy nanocomposites. A novel and environmentally benign cation exchange approach was used for the modification of bentonite nanoclay with positively charged L-serine, used to synthesize nanocomposites. Modification of clay was confirmed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique proved increase of d-spacing from 12.82 Å to 14.42 Å as a result of cation exchange. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to investigate microstructure of the nanocomposites. Reduction in weight loss, with 28.0 % to 34.0 % increase in char yield of epoxy nanocomposites was determined by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Underwriters laboratories (UL-94) V-0 ratings of nanocomposites indicated improved flame retardancy. Nanofillers significantly reduced the loading of aluminum tri-hydroxide (ATH) and improved the flame retardancy through its synergistic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 190387672
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Synthesis and characterization of novel organoclay-epoxy based flame retardant nanocomposites.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Altaf%2C+Muhammad%22">Altaf, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahmed%2C+Muhammad+Naeem%22">Ahmed, Muhammad Naeem</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> drnaeem@ajku.edu.pk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iqbal%2C+Anila%22">Iqbal, Anila</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> a.anilaiqbal@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khan%2C+Arshad+Ali%22">Khan, Arshad Ali</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Reinforced+Plastics+%26+Composites%22">Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 45 Issue 1/2, p32-44. 13p.
– Name: Subject
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  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Organoclay%22">Organoclay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanocomposite+materials%22">Nanocomposite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermogravimetry%22">Thermogravimetry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bentonite%22">Bentonite</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ion+exchange+%28Chemistry%29%22">Ion exchange (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Epoxy+resins%22">Epoxy resins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fireproofing+agents%22">Fireproofing agents</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this study, cost-effective, widely spread, and nontoxic fillers were used to improve the flame retardancy of epoxy nanocomposites. A novel and environmentally benign cation exchange approach was used for the modification of bentonite nanoclay with positively charged L-serine, used to synthesize nanocomposites. Modification of clay was confirmed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique proved increase of d-spacing from 12.82 Å to 14.42 Å as a result of cation exchange. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to investigate microstructure of the nanocomposites. Reduction in weight loss, with 28.0 % to 34.0 % increase in char yield of epoxy nanocomposites was determined by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Underwriters laboratories (UL-94) V-0 ratings of nanocomposites indicated improved flame retardancy. Nanofillers significantly reduced the loading of aluminum tri-hydroxide (ATH) and improved the flame retardancy through its synergistic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/07316844241272956
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 32
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Organoclay
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanocomposite materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermogravimetry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bentonite
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ion exchange (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epoxy resins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fireproofing agents
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Synthesis and characterization of novel organoclay-epoxy based flame retardant nanocomposites.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Altaf, Muhammad
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            NameFull: Ahmed, Muhammad Naeem
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            NameFull: Iqbal, Anila
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            NameFull: Khan, Arshad Ali
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 07316844
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              Value: 45
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              Value: 1/2
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites
              Type: main
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