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Stable regions of anisotropic stellar structures via cracking and overturning.

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Title: Stable regions of anisotropic stellar structures via cracking and overturning.
Authors: Malik, Adnan1,2,3 (AUTHOR) adnan.malik@skt.umt.edu.pk, Shafaq, Attiya2 (AUTHOR) attiyashafaq10@gmail.com, Shamir, M. Farasat4 (AUTHOR) farasat.shamir@nu.edu.pk, Mofarreh, Fatemah5 (AUTHOR) fyalmofarrah@pnu.edu.sa, Almas, Ayesha6 (AUTHOR) ayesha787@icloud.com
Source: International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics. Feb2026, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p1-29. 29p.
Subjects: Stellar structure, Mass density gradients, Variable stars, Fracture mechanics
Abstract: This study aims to elucidate the effects of density variations on the stability of spherically symmetric anisotropic stellar objects by examining the cracking phenomenon within the framework of Rastall gravity. The analysis focuses on anisotropic matter distributions described by the barotropic equation of state. Initially, the field equations and the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation were formulated, and the Krori–Barua approach was employed. Subsequently, the equilibrium state of the stellar configuration was perturbed by introducing local density fluctuations. To validate the proposed methodology, the study analyzed various stars, including Cen X-3, Vela X-1, Her X-1, PSR J1614-2230, SAX J1808.4-3658, RXJ1856-37, and 4U 1820-30. The results demonstrate the presence of either the cracking or overturning phenomenon in all the analyzed stars. This investigation underscores the importance of incorporating the cracking method for a comprehensive stability analysis of stellar objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 190513291
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Stable regions of anisotropic stellar structures via cracking and overturning.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Malik%2C+Adnan%22">Malik, Adnan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> adnan.malik@skt.umt.edu.pk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shafaq%2C+Attiya%22">Shafaq, Attiya</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> attiyashafaq10@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shamir%2C+M%2E+Farasat%22">Shamir, M. Farasat</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> farasat.shamir@nu.edu.pk</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mofarreh%2C+Fatemah%22">Mofarreh, Fatemah</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fyalmofarrah@pnu.edu.sa</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Almas%2C+Ayesha%22">Almas, Ayesha</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ayesha787@icloud.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Geometric+Methods+in+Modern+Physics%22">International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p1-29. 29p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stellar+structure%22">Stellar structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+density+gradients%22">Mass density gradients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Variable+stars%22">Variable stars</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fracture+mechanics%22">Fracture mechanics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study aims to elucidate the effects of density variations on the stability of spherically symmetric anisotropic stellar objects by examining the cracking phenomenon within the framework of Rastall gravity. The analysis focuses on anisotropic matter distributions described by the barotropic equation of state. Initially, the field equations and the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation were formulated, and the Krori–Barua approach was employed. Subsequently, the equilibrium state of the stellar configuration was perturbed by introducing local density fluctuations. To validate the proposed methodology, the study analyzed various stars, including Cen X-3, Vela X-1, Her X-1, PSR J1614-2230, SAX J1808.4-3658, RXJ1856-37, and 4U 1820-30. The results demonstrate the presence of either the cracking or overturning phenomenon in all the analyzed stars. This investigation underscores the importance of incorporating the cracking method for a comprehensive stability analysis of stellar objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1142/S0219887825501488
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 29
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      – SubjectFull: Stellar structure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mass density gradients
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Variable stars
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fracture mechanics
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      – TitleFull: Stable regions of anisotropic stellar structures via cracking and overturning.
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            NameFull: Malik, Adnan
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            NameFull: Shafaq, Attiya
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            NameFull: Shamir, M. Farasat
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              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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