Experimental Investigation of Polymer-Modified Bituminous Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Containing Cellulose Acetate Recycled from Cigarette Butts.
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| Title: | Experimental Investigation of Polymer-Modified Bituminous Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Containing Cellulose Acetate Recycled from Cigarette Butts. |
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| Authors: | Varol Morova, Hande1 (AUTHOR) handevarol@isparta.edu.tr, Özel, Cengiz1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Materials (1996-1944). Dec2025, Vol. 18 Issue 23, p5340. 26p. |
| Subjects: | Cellulose acetate, Bitumen analysis, Polymer blends, Cigarette filters, Waste products as building materials, Asphalt concrete, Synthetic fibers, Cost benefit analysis |
| Abstract: | Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixtures exhibit superior performance under traffic loads due to the high content of coarse aggregates; however, the high bitumen content also leads to the problem of bitumen drainage from the mixture. Several studies have been conducted on the use of stabilizing additives such as fibers, polymers, or mineral fillers to reduce binder drainage in SMA mixtures. In this study, however, an innovative and sustainable solution was developed to address the bitumen drainage problem encountered in SMA pavements and to improve the long-term performance of the mixture. In this context, the feasibility of using cellulose acetate (SG) material recycled from cigarette butts as an alternative fiber additive to the traditionally used cellulose fiber (SL) was investigated. This method aims to achieve both environmental benefits in terms of waste management and economic advantages in terms of additive materials. Additionally, the effect of using different SL contents (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%) on mixture performance was examined. Within this scope, both pure bitumen (B) and Elvaloy RET + PPA (E)-modified bitumen (1.6%, 1.7%, and 1.8% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA) were used to produce both fiber-reinforced and non-fiber-reinforced SMA mixtures. Traditional and Superpave tests were conducted to determine the rheological and physical properties of the pure and modified binders. All SMA specimens were tested for Marshall stability and flow, Marshall quotient, indirect tensile strength (ITS), tensile strength ratio (TSR), Schellenberg bitumen drainage, sand patch, and Cantabro particle loss. Furthermore, a cost analysis was carried out to evaluate the economic effect of different fiber types and proportions. Among the SMA mixtures, the highest stability and resistance to moisture damage were achieved in the mixtures containing 1.6% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA with 0.3–0.4% SG and 1.7% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA with 0.3–0.4% SL, while the optimum surface texture depth was obtained in the mixtures containing 1.6–1.7% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA with 0.3% SG. In conclusion, the Elvaloy RET + PPA modification enhanced the aging resistance of the bitumen, while the SG fibers used at 0.3–0.4% fiber content in the 1.6–1.7% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA-modified series were identified as a promising mechanical and economic alternative to conventional SL fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 190517489 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Experimental Investigation of Polymer-Modified Bituminous Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Containing Cellulose Acetate Recycled from Cigarette Butts. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varol+Morova%2C+Hande%22">Varol Morova, Hande</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> handevarol@isparta.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Özel%2C+Cengiz%22">Özel, Cengiz</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 18 Issue 23, p5340. 26p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellulose+acetate%22">Cellulose acetate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bitumen+analysis%22">Bitumen analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polymer+blends%22">Polymer blends</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cigarette+filters%22">Cigarette filters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Waste+products+as+building+materials%22">Waste products as building materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Asphalt+concrete%22">Asphalt concrete</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Synthetic+fibers%22">Synthetic fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cost+benefit+analysis%22">Cost benefit analysis</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixtures exhibit superior performance under traffic loads due to the high content of coarse aggregates; however, the high bitumen content also leads to the problem of bitumen drainage from the mixture. Several studies have been conducted on the use of stabilizing additives such as fibers, polymers, or mineral fillers to reduce binder drainage in SMA mixtures. In this study, however, an innovative and sustainable solution was developed to address the bitumen drainage problem encountered in SMA pavements and to improve the long-term performance of the mixture. In this context, the feasibility of using cellulose acetate (SG) material recycled from cigarette butts as an alternative fiber additive to the traditionally used cellulose fiber (SL) was investigated. This method aims to achieve both environmental benefits in terms of waste management and economic advantages in terms of additive materials. Additionally, the effect of using different SL contents (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%) on mixture performance was examined. Within this scope, both pure bitumen (B) and Elvaloy RET + PPA (E)-modified bitumen (1.6%, 1.7%, and 1.8% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA) were used to produce both fiber-reinforced and non-fiber-reinforced SMA mixtures. Traditional and Superpave tests were conducted to determine the rheological and physical properties of the pure and modified binders. All SMA specimens were tested for Marshall stability and flow, Marshall quotient, indirect tensile strength (ITS), tensile strength ratio (TSR), Schellenberg bitumen drainage, sand patch, and Cantabro particle loss. Furthermore, a cost analysis was carried out to evaluate the economic effect of different fiber types and proportions. Among the SMA mixtures, the highest stability and resistance to moisture damage were achieved in the mixtures containing 1.6% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA with 0.3–0.4% SG and 1.7% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA with 0.3–0.4% SL, while the optimum surface texture depth was obtained in the mixtures containing 1.6–1.7% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA with 0.3% SG. In conclusion, the Elvaloy RET + PPA modification enhanced the aging resistance of the bitumen, while the SG fibers used at 0.3–0.4% fiber content in the 1.6–1.7% Elvaloy RET + 0.2% PPA-modified series were identified as a promising mechanical and economic alternative to conventional SL fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/ma18235340 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 26 StartPage: 5340 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Cellulose acetate Type: general – SubjectFull: Bitumen analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Polymer blends Type: general – SubjectFull: Cigarette filters Type: general – SubjectFull: Waste products as building materials Type: general – SubjectFull: Asphalt concrete Type: general – SubjectFull: Synthetic fibers Type: general – SubjectFull: Cost benefit analysis Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Experimental Investigation of Polymer-Modified Bituminous Stone Mastic Asphalt Mixtures Containing Cellulose Acetate Recycled from Cigarette Butts. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Varol Morova, Hande – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Özel, Cengiz IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 12 Text: Dec2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961944 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 18 – Type: issue Value: 23 Titles: – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
