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Lignosulfonates as Surfactants to Stabilize Elemental Sulfur Dispersions.

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Title: Lignosulfonates as Surfactants to Stabilize Elemental Sulfur Dispersions.
Authors: Lugovitskaya, Tatiana N.1 (AUTHOR) tlugovitskaja@mail.ru, Rogozhnikov, Denis A.1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymers (20734360). Dec2025, Vol. 17 Issue 24, p3288. 17p.
Subjects: Lignosulfonates, Sulfur, Chemical engineering, Colloids, Chemical stability, Dispersion (Chemistry), Surface active agents, Leaching
Abstract: During sulfite delignification of wood, sulfo derivatives of lignin—lignosulfonates (LS)—are formed as a byproduct. Due to their amphiphilic nature, LS are used as plasticizers, dispersants, and stabilizers. The functions and performance characteristics of this surface-active polyelectrolyte are determined by its behavior in aqueous solution, at surfaces and interfaces, which, in turn, is determined by its chemical composition. This study investigated the effect of LS with various molecular weight compositions (Mw 9–50 kDa) on the behavior and aggregation stability of aqueous dispersions of elemental sulfur (S0) under conditions simulating hydrothermal leaching of sulfide ores. Using conductometry, potentiometry, tensiometry, and viscometry, a detailed study of the physicochemical properties of aqueous LS solutions (CLS 0.02–1.28 g/dm3) obtained from a few sources (Krasnokamsk, Solikamsk, and Norwegian Pulp and Paper Mills) was conducted. The composition, molecular weight, and concentration of LS were found to significantly affect their specific electrical conductivity, pH, intrinsic viscosity, and surface activity. LS introduction during the formation of sulfur sols is shown to promote their stabilization through electrostatic and steric mechanisms. Optimum dispersion stability (293 K, pH 4.5–5.5) was observed at moderate LS concentrations (0.02–0.32 g/dm3), when a stable adsorption layer forms on the surface of sulfur particles. High-molecular-weight LS samples provided more effective spatial stabilization of sulfur particles. It has been established that increasing temperature (293–333 K) and changing pH (1–7) significantly affect the aggregative stability of systems; specifically, the sol stability decreases with increasing temperature, and the stabilizing effect of different LS types reverses upon changing pH. The obtained results highlight the potential of using naturally occurring polymeric dispersants to control the aggregation stability of sulfur-containing heterophase systems and can be applied to the design of stable colloidal systems in chemical engineering and hydrometallurgy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Lignosulfonates as Surfactants to Stabilize Elemental Sulfur Dispersions.
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  Data: During sulfite delignification of wood, sulfo derivatives of lignin—lignosulfonates (LS)—are formed as a byproduct. Due to their amphiphilic nature, LS are used as plasticizers, dispersants, and stabilizers. The functions and performance characteristics of this surface-active polyelectrolyte are determined by its behavior in aqueous solution, at surfaces and interfaces, which, in turn, is determined by its chemical composition. This study investigated the effect of LS with various molecular weight compositions (Mw 9–50 kDa) on the behavior and aggregation stability of aqueous dispersions of elemental sulfur (S0) under conditions simulating hydrothermal leaching of sulfide ores. Using conductometry, potentiometry, tensiometry, and viscometry, a detailed study of the physicochemical properties of aqueous LS solutions (CLS 0.02–1.28 g/dm3) obtained from a few sources (Krasnokamsk, Solikamsk, and Norwegian Pulp and Paper Mills) was conducted. The composition, molecular weight, and concentration of LS were found to significantly affect their specific electrical conductivity, pH, intrinsic viscosity, and surface activity. LS introduction during the formation of sulfur sols is shown to promote their stabilization through electrostatic and steric mechanisms. Optimum dispersion stability (293 K, pH 4.5–5.5) was observed at moderate LS concentrations (0.02–0.32 g/dm3), when a stable adsorption layer forms on the surface of sulfur particles. High-molecular-weight LS samples provided more effective spatial stabilization of sulfur particles. It has been established that increasing temperature (293–333 K) and changing pH (1–7) significantly affect the aggregative stability of systems; specifically, the sol stability decreases with increasing temperature, and the stabilizing effect of different LS types reverses upon changing pH. The obtained results highlight the potential of using naturally occurring polymeric dispersants to control the aggregation stability of sulfur-containing heterophase systems and can be applied to the design of stable colloidal systems in chemical engineering and hydrometallurgy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/polym17243288
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 3288
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Lignosulfonates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sulfur
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Colloids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dispersion (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surface active agents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Leaching
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Lignosulfonates as Surfactants to Stabilize Elemental Sulfur Dispersions.
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
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              Y: 2025
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