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Tunable Luminescence in Sb 3+ -Doped Cs 3 LnCl 6 Perovskites for Wide-Coverage Emission and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications.

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Title: Tunable Luminescence in Sb 3+ -Doped Cs 3 LnCl 6 Perovskites for Wide-Coverage Emission and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications.
Authors: Zhang, Lianao1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Le1,2 (AUTHOR), Xu, Sai1 (AUTHOR) cyz@dlmu.edu.cn, Cao, Yongze1,2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Xizhen1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Hongquan1 (AUTHOR) bjchen@dlmu.edu.cn, Gao, Yuefeng2 (AUTHOR), Chen, Baojiu1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nanomaterials (2079-4991). Dec2025, Vol. 15 Issue 23, p1790. 14p.
Subjects: Luminescence, Metal halides, Doping agents (Chemistry), Optoelectronics, Rare earth metals, Product counterfeiting
Abstract: Zero-dimensional (0D) rare-earth-based metal halides show great potential in photonic and optoelectronic applications owing to their high stability, strong exciton confinement, and tunable energy levels. However, the weak absorption and narrow 4f-4f transitions of rare-earth ions limit their performance. To address this, a series of Sb3+-doped Cs3LnCl6 (Ln: Yb, La, Eu, Ho, Ce, Er, Tb, Sm, Y) nanocrystals were synthesized via a hot-injection method to study the role of Sb3+ doping. Sb3+ incorporation induces strong broadband self-trapped exciton (STE) emission from Jahn–Teller-distorted [SbCl6]3− units and enables efficient energy transfer from STEs to rare-earth ions. As a result, the photoluminescence intensity and spectral tunability are improved, accompanied by bandgap narrowing and enhanced light absorption. Different lanthanide hosts exhibit distinct luminescence behaviors: La-based materials show dominant STE emission, while Tb-, Er-, Yb-, Ho-, and Sm-based systems display STE-mediated energy transfer and enhanced f-f emission. In Eu- and Ce-based hosts, unique mechanisms involving Eu2+/Eu3+ conversion and Ce3+ → STE energy transfer are observed. Moreover, composition-dependent emissions in Sb3+-doped Cs3Tb/EuCl6 enable a dual-mode color and spectral encoding strategy for optical anti-counterfeiting. This study highlights the versatile role of Sb3+ in tuning electronic structures and energy transfer, offering new insights for designing high-performance rare-earth halide materials for advanced optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Tunable Luminescence in Sb 3+ -Doped Cs 3 LnCl 6 Perovskites for Wide-Coverage Emission and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Lianao%22">Zhang, Lianao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Le%22">Chen, Le</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Sai%22">Xu, Sai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cyz@dlmu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cao%2C+Yongze%22">Cao, Yongze</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Xizhen%22">Zhang, Xizhen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Hongquan%22">Yu, Hongquan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> bjchen@dlmu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gao%2C+Yuefeng%22">Gao, Yuefeng</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Baojiu%22">Chen, Baojiu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nanomaterials+%282079-4991%29%22">Nanomaterials (2079-4991)</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 15 Issue 23, p1790. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Luminescence%22">Luminescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metal+halides%22">Metal halides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Doping+agents+%28Chemistry%29%22">Doping agents (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optoelectronics%22">Optoelectronics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rare+earth+metals%22">Rare earth metals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Product+counterfeiting%22">Product counterfeiting</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Zero-dimensional (0D) rare-earth-based metal halides show great potential in photonic and optoelectronic applications owing to their high stability, strong exciton confinement, and tunable energy levels. However, the weak absorption and narrow 4f-4f transitions of rare-earth ions limit their performance. To address this, a series of Sb3+-doped Cs3LnCl6 (Ln: Yb, La, Eu, Ho, Ce, Er, Tb, Sm, Y) nanocrystals were synthesized via a hot-injection method to study the role of Sb3+ doping. Sb3+ incorporation induces strong broadband self-trapped exciton (STE) emission from Jahn–Teller-distorted [SbCl6]3− units and enables efficient energy transfer from STEs to rare-earth ions. As a result, the photoluminescence intensity and spectral tunability are improved, accompanied by bandgap narrowing and enhanced light absorption. Different lanthanide hosts exhibit distinct luminescence behaviors: La-based materials show dominant STE emission, while Tb-, Er-, Yb-, Ho-, and Sm-based systems display STE-mediated energy transfer and enhanced f-f emission. In Eu- and Ce-based hosts, unique mechanisms involving Eu2+/Eu3+ conversion and Ce3+ → STE energy transfer are observed. Moreover, composition-dependent emissions in Sb3+-doped Cs3Tb/EuCl6 enable a dual-mode color and spectral encoding strategy for optical anti-counterfeiting. This study highlights the versatile role of Sb3+ in tuning electronic structures and energy transfer, offering new insights for designing high-performance rare-earth halide materials for advanced optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Nanomaterials (2079-4991) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/nano15231790
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Luminescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Metal halides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Doping agents (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optoelectronics
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      – SubjectFull: Rare earth metals
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      – SubjectFull: Product counterfeiting
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      – TitleFull: Tunable Luminescence in Sb 3+ -Doped Cs 3 LnCl 6 Perovskites for Wide-Coverage Emission and Anti-Counterfeiting Applications.
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
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