A high‐temperature furnace for multimodal synchrotron‐based X‐ray microscopy and diffraction imaging.

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Title: A high‐temperature furnace for multimodal synchrotron‐based X‐ray microscopy and diffraction imaging.
Authors: Lesage, Louis1 (AUTHOR), Watier, Yves1 (AUTHOR), Isern, Helena1 (AUTHOR), Shukla, Aditya1 (AUTHOR), Sanna, Virginia1 (AUTHOR), Dufrane, Thomas1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Yubin2 (AUTHOR), Detlefs, Carsten1 (AUTHOR), Yıldırım, Can1 (AUTHOR) can.yildirim@esrf.fr
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. Jan2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p115-122. 8p.
Subjects: X-ray microscopy, Materials science, Thermal stability, Synchrotron radiation sources, Optical diffraction, Phase transitions, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Furnaces, Three-dimensional printing
Abstract: The design, calibration and initial application of a non‐contact high‐temperature furnace developed for in situ synchrotron X‐ray experiments are presented. The system enables a stable operation up to 1000°C, with heating rates exceeding 6000°C min−1 and thermal stability better than ±2°C. Temperature calibration was performed using (i) direct measurements with a thermocouple to characterize heating and cooling ramp rates and map temperature gradients along the x, y and z axes; and (ii) synchrotron X‐ray diffraction to track the ferrite‐to‐austenite (body‐centered cubic to face‐centered cubic) phase transition in an iron grain under beamline conditions. The furnace's contactless geometry provides full translational and rotational freedom, with 360° rotation and wide tilt capabilities, making it fully compatible with a range of diffraction and imaging techniques. Its 3D‐printed modular body includes closable apertures for auxiliary functions such as active cooling or X‐ray fluorescence. The design is easily customizable for diverse experimental requirements and can be adapted to most beamlines. The furnace has been implemented at the ID03 beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), which supports dark‐field X‐ray microscopy (DFXM), 3D X‐ray diffraction, magnified topotomography, phase‐contrast tomography and diffraction contrast tomography. As a first application, a DFXM case study on a cold‐rolled Al1050 sample during isothermal annealing is presented. The imaging of a selected grain before and after the heat treatment reveals strain relaxation and grain growth. This furnace offers a robust and flexible platform for high‐temperature synchrotron studies across materials science, including metals, ceramics and energy materials. It is now part of the ESRF sample environment pool and is available to all users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: A high‐temperature furnace for multimodal synchrotron‐based X‐ray microscopy and diffraction imaging.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lesage%2C+Louis%22">Lesage, Louis</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Watier%2C+Yves%22">Watier, Yves</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Isern%2C+Helena%22">Isern, Helena</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shukla%2C+Aditya%22">Shukla, Aditya</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanna%2C+Virginia%22">Sanna, Virginia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dufrane%2C+Thomas%22">Dufrane, Thomas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Yubin%22">Zhang, Yubin</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Detlefs%2C+Carsten%22">Detlefs, Carsten</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yıldırım%2C+Can%22">Yıldırım, Can</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> can.yildirim@esrf.fr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Synchrotron+Radiation%22">Journal of Synchrotron Radiation</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p115-122. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22X-ray+microscopy%22">X-ray microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Materials+science%22">Materials science</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+stability%22">Thermal stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Synchrotron+radiation+sources%22">Synchrotron radiation sources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+diffraction%22">Optical diffraction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phase+transitions%22">Phase transitions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22European+Synchrotron+Radiation+Facility%22">European Synchrotron Radiation Facility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Furnaces%22">Furnaces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The design, calibration and initial application of a non‐contact high‐temperature furnace developed for in situ synchrotron X‐ray experiments are presented. The system enables a stable operation up to 1000°C, with heating rates exceeding 6000°C min−1 and thermal stability better than ±2°C. Temperature calibration was performed using (i) direct measurements with a thermocouple to characterize heating and cooling ramp rates and map temperature gradients along the x, y and z axes; and (ii) synchrotron X‐ray diffraction to track the ferrite‐to‐austenite (body‐centered cubic to face‐centered cubic) phase transition in an iron grain under beamline conditions. The furnace's contactless geometry provides full translational and rotational freedom, with 360° rotation and wide tilt capabilities, making it fully compatible with a range of diffraction and imaging techniques. Its 3D‐printed modular body includes closable apertures for auxiliary functions such as active cooling or X‐ray fluorescence. The design is easily customizable for diverse experimental requirements and can be adapted to most beamlines. The furnace has been implemented at the ID03 beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), which supports dark‐field X‐ray microscopy (DFXM), 3D X‐ray diffraction, magnified topotomography, phase‐contrast tomography and diffraction contrast tomography. As a first application, a DFXM case study on a cold‐rolled Al1050 sample during isothermal annealing is presented. The imaging of a selected grain before and after the heat treatment reveals strain relaxation and grain growth. This furnace offers a robust and flexible platform for high‐temperature synchrotron studies across materials science, including metals, ceramics and energy materials. It is now part of the ESRF sample environment pool and is available to all users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1107/S1600577525010288
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 115
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: X-ray microscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Materials science
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Synchrotron radiation sources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical diffraction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phase transitions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Furnaces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A high‐temperature furnace for multimodal synchrotron‐based X‐ray microscopy and diffraction imaging.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Lesage, Louis
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            NameFull: Watier, Yves
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            NameFull: Isern, Helena
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            NameFull: Shukla, Aditya
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            NameFull: Sanna, Virginia
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            NameFull: Zhang, Yubin
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            NameFull: Detlefs, Carsten
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            NameFull: Yıldırım, Can
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            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 09090495
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              Value: 33
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
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