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Time‐resolved imaging of electron beam powder bed fusion using an X‐ray microscope optimized for white beam radiation.

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Title: Time‐resolved imaging of electron beam powder bed fusion using an X‐ray microscope optimized for white beam radiation.
Authors: Bidola, Pidassa1 (AUTHOR) pidassa.bidola@hereon.de, Semjatov, Nick2 (AUTHOR), Spartacus, Gabriel3 (AUTHOR), König, Hans-Henrik3 (AUTHOR), Abreu-Faria, Guilherme1 (AUTHOR), Klingenberg, Johannes1 (AUTHOR), Brehling, Jens1 (AUTHOR), Krywka, Christina1 (AUTHOR), Staron, Peter1 (AUTHOR), Lindwall, Greta3 (AUTHOR), Körner, Carolin2 (AUTHOR), Ioannidou, Chrysoula3 (AUTHOR), Beckmann, Felix1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. Jan2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p181-194. 14p.
Subjects: X-ray microscopy, X-ray imaging, Imaging systems, High resolution imaging, Electron beam melting, Nickel alloys, Crack formation in solids, Spatial resolution
Abstract: A high‐speed synchrotron radiography system has been developed to facilitate in situ imaging of dynamic processes in electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF‐EB). Using the P61A White Beam Engineering Materials Science beamline at PETRA III, this system achieves high temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of approximately 10 µm. The scintillator screens are coupled to a diamond plate and housed within a specialized nitrogen gas cooling system, effectively mitigating thermal stress caused by the intense synchrotron beam. These innovative components ensure stable imaging performance and enhance the system's ability to operate under extreme conditions. By resolving fringes at short propagation distances for the partially coherent beam, the imaging system has enabled the efficient visualization of crack formation and pore evolution in high‐Z materials, such as nickel‐based superalloys, during the PBF‐EB process. These advances not only optimize imaging in extreme environments but also open new avenues for high‐energy synchrotron applications, including dynamic phase imaging and laser welding studies of dense samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Time‐resolved imaging of electron beam powder bed fusion using an X‐ray microscope optimized for white beam radiation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bidola%2C+Pidassa%22">Bidola, Pidassa</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> pidassa.bidola@hereon.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Semjatov%2C+Nick%22">Semjatov, Nick</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spartacus%2C+Gabriel%22">Spartacus, Gabriel</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22König%2C+Hans-Henrik%22">König, Hans-Henrik</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abreu-Faria%2C+Guilherme%22">Abreu-Faria, Guilherme</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klingenberg%2C+Johannes%22">Klingenberg, Johannes</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brehling%2C+Jens%22">Brehling, Jens</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krywka%2C+Christina%22">Krywka, Christina</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Staron%2C+Peter%22">Staron, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lindwall%2C+Greta%22">Lindwall, Greta</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Körner%2C+Carolin%22">Körner, Carolin</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ioannidou%2C+Chrysoula%22">Ioannidou, Chrysoula</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beckmann%2C+Felix%22">Beckmann, Felix</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Synchrotron+Radiation%22">Journal of Synchrotron Radiation</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p181-194. 14p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A high‐speed synchrotron radiography system has been developed to facilitate in situ imaging of dynamic processes in electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF‐EB). Using the P61A White Beam Engineering Materials Science beamline at PETRA III, this system achieves high temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of approximately 10 µm. The scintillator screens are coupled to a diamond plate and housed within a specialized nitrogen gas cooling system, effectively mitigating thermal stress caused by the intense synchrotron beam. These innovative components ensure stable imaging performance and enhance the system's ability to operate under extreme conditions. By resolving fringes at short propagation distances for the partially coherent beam, the imaging system has enabled the efficient visualization of crack formation and pore evolution in high‐Z materials, such as nickel‐based superalloys, during the PBF‐EB process. These advances not only optimize imaging in extreme environments but also open new avenues for high‐energy synchrotron applications, including dynamic phase imaging and laser welding studies of dense samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Synchrotron Radiation is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1107/S1600577525010057
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 181
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: X-ray microscopy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: X-ray imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Imaging systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High resolution imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electron beam melting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nickel alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Crack formation in solids
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      – SubjectFull: Spatial resolution
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              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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