Stochastic assessment of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability in mildly liquefiable sloping ground with stone columns.
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| Title: | Stochastic assessment of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability in mildly liquefiable sloping ground with stone columns. |
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| Authors: | Qiu, Zhijian1,2 (AUTHOR) zhijianqiu@xmu.edu.cn, Zhu, Junrui2 (AUTHOR) 1766022005@qq.com, Zayed, Muhammad3,4 (AUTHOR) muhammad.zayed@eng.asu.edu.eg, Ebeido, Ahmed5 (AUTHOR) aebeido@alexu.edu.eg, Zheng, Yewei1,6 (AUTHOR) yzheng@whu.edu.cn |
| Source: | Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261). Mar2026, Vol. 202, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. |
| Subjects: | Stone columns, Stochastic analysis, Soil depth, Fluidization, Finite element method, Seismic response, Sensitivity analysis, Soil liquefaction |
| Abstract: | Variability in soil properties plays a critical role in influencing liquefaction triggering, ground deformation accumulation, and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies in seismic regions. Particularly in mildly sloping ground, the presence of a static shear stress can induce significantly greater accumulation of lateral deformation during cyclic loading. As such, this study systematically investigates the impact of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability in mildly sloping liquefiable ground improved with stone columns. To this end, a stochastic framework based on Random Finite Element Modeling (RFEM) is developed, incorporating vertical variability in corrected Standard Penetration Test blow counts (N 1, 60) through Monte Carlo realizations. Subsequently, these realizations are analyzed using extensive nonlinear dynamic FE simulations to evaluate the development of excess pore pressure, liquefaction-induced lateral spreading, and the corresponding displacement- and pore pressure-based seismic fragility functions. It is shown that seismic vulnerability decreases significantly with more extensive stone column improvement and lower soil variability, highlighting the importance of incorporating soil heterogeneity into performance-based ground improvement strategies. Overall, the developed stochastic framework clarifies the role of soil variability in liquefaction assessments and provides a robust basis for extending similar evaluations to alternative mitigation strategies for resilient sloping liquefiable ground. • A stochastic FE framework is developed to assess the effects of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability. • Variability markedly alters pore pressure generation and lateral deformation, producing significantly larger upper-bound demands at higher shaking intensities. • Implementation of stone columns significantly reduces excess pore pressure and lateral deformation, with performance improving as A rr increases. • Fragility functions support seismic vulnerability assessment, mitigation comparison, and capture of median and upper-bound hazards from soil variability. • Deterministic analyses underestimate seismic demand, highlighting the importance of accounting for vertical soil variability in liquefaction evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 190746632 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Stochastic assessment of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability in mildly liquefiable sloping ground with stone columns. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qiu%2C+Zhijian%22">Qiu, Zhijian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhijianqiu@xmu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Junrui%22">Zhu, Junrui</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> 1766022005@qq.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zayed%2C+Muhammad%22">Zayed, Muhammad</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> muhammad.zayed@eng.asu.edu.eg</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ebeido%2C+Ahmed%22">Ebeido, Ahmed</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> aebeido@alexu.edu.eg</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zheng%2C+Yewei%22">Zheng, Yewei</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yzheng@whu.edu.cn</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Soil+Dynamics+%26+Earthquake+Engineering+%280267-7261%29%22">Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261)</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 202, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stone+columns%22">Stone columns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stochastic+analysis%22">Stochastic analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+depth%22">Soil depth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluidization%22">Fluidization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seismic+response%22">Seismic response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensitivity+analysis%22">Sensitivity analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+liquefaction%22">Soil liquefaction</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Variability in soil properties plays a critical role in influencing liquefaction triggering, ground deformation accumulation, and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies in seismic regions. Particularly in mildly sloping ground, the presence of a static shear stress can induce significantly greater accumulation of lateral deformation during cyclic loading. As such, this study systematically investigates the impact of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability in mildly sloping liquefiable ground improved with stone columns. To this end, a stochastic framework based on Random Finite Element Modeling (RFEM) is developed, incorporating vertical variability in corrected Standard Penetration Test blow counts (N 1, 60) through Monte Carlo realizations. Subsequently, these realizations are analyzed using extensive nonlinear dynamic FE simulations to evaluate the development of excess pore pressure, liquefaction-induced lateral spreading, and the corresponding displacement- and pore pressure-based seismic fragility functions. It is shown that seismic vulnerability decreases significantly with more extensive stone column improvement and lower soil variability, highlighting the importance of incorporating soil heterogeneity into performance-based ground improvement strategies. Overall, the developed stochastic framework clarifies the role of soil variability in liquefaction assessments and provides a robust basis for extending similar evaluations to alternative mitigation strategies for resilient sloping liquefiable ground. • A stochastic FE framework is developed to assess the effects of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability. • Variability markedly alters pore pressure generation and lateral deformation, producing significantly larger upper-bound demands at higher shaking intensities. • Implementation of stone columns significantly reduces excess pore pressure and lateral deformation, with performance improving as A rr increases. • Fragility functions support seismic vulnerability assessment, mitigation comparison, and capture of median and upper-bound hazards from soil variability. • Deterministic analyses underestimate seismic demand, highlighting the importance of accounting for vertical soil variability in liquefaction evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.110053 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 1 StartPage: N.PAG Subjects: – SubjectFull: Stone columns Type: general – SubjectFull: Stochastic analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Soil depth Type: general – SubjectFull: Fluidization Type: general – SubjectFull: Finite element method Type: general – SubjectFull: Seismic response Type: general – SubjectFull: Sensitivity analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Soil liquefaction Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Stochastic assessment of vertical soil heterogeneity on seismic performance and vulnerability in mildly liquefiable sloping ground with stone columns. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Qiu, Zhijian – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhu, Junrui – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zayed, Muhammad – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ebeido, Ahmed – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zheng, Yewei IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 03 Text: Mar2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 02677261 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 202 Titles: – TitleFull: Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering (0267-7261) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
